Objectives. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is a potent stimulator of growth hormone (GH) secretion from the pituitary gland. Although GHRH is essential for the growth of immune cells, the regulatory effects of its antagonist in granulomatous disease remain unknown. Methods. Here, we report expression of GHRH receptor (R) in human tissue with sarcoidosis granuloma and demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effects of MIA602 (a GHRH antagonist) in two in vitro human granuloma models and an in vivo granuloma model using different methods including ELISA, immunohistochemistry, RNAseq analysis and flow cytometry. Results. MIA602 decreases the levels of IL-2, IL-2R, IL-7, IL-12, IL-17A and TNF-a in an in vitro granuloma model. Further, we show that the anti-inflammatory effect of MIA602 appears to be mediated by a reduction in CD45 + CD68 + cells in granulomatous tissue and upregulation in PD-1 expression in macrophages. Analysis of the expression of proteins involved in the mitochondrial stage of apoptosis showed that MIA602 increases the levels of caspase-3, BCL-xL/BAK dimer and MCl-1/Bak dimer in the granuloma. These findings indicate that MIA602 may not induce apoptosis. Conclusions. Our findings further suggest that GHRH-R is potentially a clinical target for the treatment of granulomatous disease and that MIA602 may be used as a novel therapeutic agent for sarcoidosis.

Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) is a potent stimulator of GH secretion from the pituitary gland. Although GHRH is essential for the growth of immune cells, the regulatory effects of its antagonist in granulomatous disease remains unknown. Here, we report expression of GHRH receptor (R) in human tissue with sarcoidosis granuloma and demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effects of MIA602 (a GHRH antagonist) in two in vitro human granuloma models and an in vivo granuloma model. MIA602 decreases levels of IL2, IL12, and IL17A in in vitro granuloma model. We show further that the anti-inflammatory effect of MIA602 appears to be mediated by reduction in CD45++CD68+ cells in granulomatous tissue and upregulation in PD-1 expression in macrophages. In analysis of expression of proteins involved in the mitochondrial stage of apoptosis, we show that MIA602 increases the levels of caspase 3, BCL-xL/BAK dimer, and MCl-1/Bak dimer in granuloma. These findings indicate that MIA602 may not induce apoptosis. The clinical relevance of our findings further suggest that HGRH-R is potentially a target for treatment of granulomatous disease and MIA602 possibly a novel therapeutic agent for sarcoidosis.

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