No abstract

Alcohol consumption in adolescence was associated with lower risk of developing MS among both sexes.

Serious economic problems in adult life are associated strongly with risk of alcohol use disorders, and there may be an influence of accumulated childhood events on risk of alcohol use disorders.

Vital exhaustion is an emotional state characterized by fatigue and depressive symptoms. We examined the prospective association between vital exhaustion and risk of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Furthermore, we investigated whether cohabitation status modifies the effect of this potential association. Methods Vital exhaustion was assessed by a condensed, 17 item, version of the Maastricht Questionnaire as part of the Copenhagen City Heart Study in 1991-93. The study population consisted of 8,956 individuals aged 21-93 years, who were followed for a first-time diagnosis of AUD in national registers until 2016. The mean length of follow-up was 16.6 years. Results During follow-up, AUD was diagnosed in 146 men and 103 women. For both sexes, the risk of AUD increased dose-dependently with increasing vital exhaustion. Individuals who reported high vital exhaustion had a 2-to 3-fold higher risk of AUD in both men (HR=2.46, 95% CI: 1.40-4.29) and women (HR=3.34, 95% CI: 1.62-6.85). A potential modifying effect of cohabitation status on the relation between vital exhaustion and AUD was found for men. Conclusion The results showed that vital exhaustion is significantly associated with a higher risk of AUD in both men and women and that living with a cohabitee may have a protective effect among men.

Objectives The objectives of the current study were to prospectively investigate the predictive value of the vitality scale of the Short Form Health Survey for changes in body mass index and development of obesity. Methods The study population comprised 2864 (81.5%) men and 648 (18.5%) women from the Metropolit Project and the Danish Longitudinal Study on Work, Unemployment and Health, who participated in a follow-up examination in 2009–2011 corresponding to a follow-up period of 3–7 years. Associations of vitality with body mass index and obesity were investigated separately for men and women in linear and logistic regression models adjusting for age, baseline body mass index, education, physical activity, smoking, and obesity-related diseases. Results Vitality was significantly associated with change in body mass index among men (p < 0.001) and women (p < 0.05) gaining weight after adjusting for age, baseline body mass index, education, physical activity, smoking, and obesity-related diseases. No significant associations of vitality with BMI change were observed among individuals maintaining or losing weight during the follow-up period. Furthermore, vitality significantly predicted development of obesity among women. Conclusion The study indicates that vitality is of predictive value for increases in BMI over time among individuals gaining weight and may further predict the development of obesity among women. This identification of poor vitality as a potential risk indicator for weight gain and development of obesity may be beneficial in clinical practice.