The last and the only national-level data on waste composition and amount in Serbia dates back to 2010, when the Serbian Government adopted a waste management strategy from 2010 to 2019. With representative samples from 160 municipalities, it was estimated that 0.87 kg/ capita/day of waste was generated in Serbia, which amounted to 318 t/day [1]. By comparison, waste generation in Turkey (Kocaeli) is 0.92 kg/capita/day, in Austria (Vienna) 1.50 kg/capita/day, and in the USA (New York) it is 2.58 kg/capita/day [2]. The number of landfi ll fi res in Nišava County, which comprises 71 settlements and more than 260,000 residents, is highly signifi cant, as indicated by the statistical data of the Sector for Emergency Management, Niš offi ce, for the period between 2009 and 2016, according to which 7.56% of all open-space fi res [3] and 5.60% of all fi res in total were landfi ll fi res. Over the last seven years, out of 7,535 openspace fi res, 570 occurred in sanitary, non-sanitary, and illegal landfi lls. The numbers of landfi ll fi res in Nišava County by year are given in Table 1. According to these numbers, it is evident that the number of fi res has been declining in recent years as a result of improved landfi ll fi re prevention, implementation, and adherence to laws, analyses of previous fi res, learning from previous experience, better citizen cooperation, etc. As opposed to surface fi res, which are instantly noticeable, underground landfi ll fi res occur under the Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 27, No. 1 (2018) AbstractSince the identifi cation of fi re hazards in landfi lls has not been suffi ciently investigated and studied, the goal of this research is to present a methodological approach to the issue. This paper defi nes fi re occurrence indicators, which are considered as one of the risk factors of underground and/or surface fi res in non-sanitary landfi lls. In this study, fi re hazards are identifi ed in terms of present landfi ll gas concentrations and gas well temperatures monitored by a thermal imaging camera at the nonsanitary landfi ll "Bubanj" in Niš, Serbia, which has been in service for 49 years. Landfi ll gas concentrations at the landfi ll were measured from May to October 2015. The paper also presents ambient air temperatures, which infl uence landfi ll gas and gas well temperatures, a necessary factor of landfi ll fi res.Signifi cant fi re predictors for the landfi ll body have been determined based on all the temperatures and concentrations of landfi ll gas components measured using the statistical method of logistic regression.

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The monitoring and the control of air pollution which is a consequence of the activities of district heating plants in the area of Niš have indicated that there is a cause and effect relationship between the emitted pollutants and air quality on one hand, and health risk on the other hand. The aim of this paper is to determine the correlation between district heating plants, air quality and health risk. The evidence of this connection is the hazardous health quotient and the level of total carcinogenic risk in comparison to measured immission concentration and expected immission concentrations of pollutants from district heating plants in the city.

The objective of the conducted research is the identification and determination of requirements of members of fire rescue brigades during operations in the conditions of high risk in order to minimize the possibilities for injury incidence during the intervention. The research is focused on examination, determination and identification of factors affecting the increasing number of occupational injuries of members of fire rescue brigades during interventions. Hypothetical framework of the research problem consists of general hypothesis and six special hypotheses. Results suggest that almost all respondents believe that their skills and abilities are applicable in the intervention phase, but less than a half believe that their skills are applicable in prevention phase. Two-thirds of respondents stated that in their organization they have support for further education and upgrading while a half of respondents stated that they need education concerning identification, assessment and management of risks that can lead to emergency situations.

Managing the risk of accidents for the purpose of ensuring occupational and environmental safety involves a number of activities, measures, and programs to be taken before, during, and after an accident in order to avoid it, reduce its impact, and mitigate its effects, respectively. A company or another legal entity is obligated to devise an accident protection plan and to adhere to it when taking measures of accident prevention and minimization of the impact on human life and health, property, and the environment. The structure of such a plan is presented along with the legal framework for accident management. This paper contains an insight about opinions of the members of fire rescue brigades regarding various aspects of emergencies in the context of accident management in general. A total number of 45 respondents participated in the study. Findings indicate that almost all respondents believe that their skills and abilities are applicable in the intervention phase and less than a half believe that their skills are applicable in prevention phase, while two-thirds of respondents stated that they have support for further education and upgrading in their organizations.