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The aim of this study is to define whether there are any differences in the visual-motor integration skills of 60-72-month-old children at low and high socio-economic status as regard the age factor. The study was conducted on a total of 148 children consisting of 78 children representing low socio-economic status and 70 children representing high socio-economic status in the city center of Edirne. In the study, the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration (VMI-5th), which was developed by Beery-Buktenica (2004) and for which the studies of validity and reliability were made by Ercan and Aral (2011) after being translated into Turkish, was administered. It is reported that both the age and the status of being at low and high socio-economic status create a meaningful difference (p<.05) in the visual-motor integration, visual perception and motor integration of 60-72-month-old children at low and high socio-economic status and visual-motor integration mean score is higher for 66-72-month-old children and the children at high socio-economic status.

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We examined the associations among parental emotion socialization, and children's emotion regulation and attachment to parents. In particular, we examined the moderating role of parental emotion socialization in the relationship between children's emotion regulation and attachment to parents. Participants were 78 Turkish children (49 boys) aged from 60 to 77 months and their parents. Parents reported on the socialization strategies they used for their children's emotions and on their children's emotion regulation, and we assessed children's attachment to parents via the Doll Story Completion Task. Results revealed that parents' minimization reaction to children's emotions moderated the association between children's emotion regulation and attachment to parents. When parents' response was punitive, children with poor emotion regulation displayed stronger attachment to parents than children with robust emotion regulation. In addition, girls had a more secure attachment than boys to parents. Our results highlight the importance of children's emotion regulation and parental emotion socialization for children's secure early attachment to parents.