Objective:We used real time, three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (3DTTE) to evaluate left atrial (LA) volume and mechanical function in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS).
Methods:We prospectively included 42 consecutive patients with primary SS and 42 controls who were similar in terms of basal characteristics. 3DTTE was used to assess LA function.Results: Maximum LA volume, minimum LA volume, pre-atrial contraction LA volume, LA Active Stroke Volume (ASV), LA Total Stroke Volume (TSV), maximal left atrial volume index (LAVImax), Left atrial pre-contraction volume index, and Left atrial minimum volume index, ASV index, and TSV index were significantly higher in the SS group, and the LA Total Emptying Fraction, LA Expansion Index, and LA Passive Emptying Fraction were significantly lower. Although the active emptying fraction was higher in the SS group, the difference was not statistically significant.LAVImax was positive correlated with disease duration (r = .753).
Conclusion:Left atrial function is impaired in SS patients and serves as an early marker of subclinical cardiac involvement. K E Y W O R D S echocardiography, left atrial volume, Sjögren's syndrome 716 | HIDAYET ET Al.clinics and 42 healthy volunteers were enrolled. SS was diagnosed using the American/European consensus criteria. 13 Written informed consent was obtained from all patients and control volunteers. Our local ethics committee approved the work. We recorded detailed medical histories, performed complete physical examinations, and calculated body surface areas (BSAs). Blood pressure was measured three times at 5-minute intervals with each subject sitting, and the mean was calculated. Age, sex, and patient disease duration were recorded. Resting 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) was performed. Individuals under 18 or over 60 years of age, or those with structural heart disease, patients with any cardiac symptoms, hypertension, coronary artery disease, moderate or severe heart valve disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, a history of renal or hepatic insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, chronic systemic disease, and/or any history of malignancy, were excluded.
| Two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE)A Philips IE-33 instrument (Bothell) fitted with an S5-1 transducer was used for transthoracic 2DE. All examinations were performed by two cardiologists blinded to clinical data, and the data were evaluated as suggested by the American/European communities. We measured the LA diameter and left ventricular (LV) end-systolic diameter (LVESD). Thicknesses of the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), interventricular septum (IVSD), and left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW) were measured in end-diastole on the 2DE recordings. These measurements were used to calculate the LVM using the formula originally validated by Devereux et al 14 The LV mass index (LVMI) 15 was defined as LV mass/BSA (body weight × 0 .425 × height × 0.725 × 0.007184). The transmitral flow velocities (E and A) were measured during apical four-ca...
