Background From a Public Health Unit (PHU) perspective, this review aimed to examine factors associated with adverse outbreak outcomes, to identify evidence based focal strategies of managing COVID-19 outbreaks in aged care settings. Methods A retrospective review of PHU documentation examined all 55 COVID-19 outbreaks in Wide Bay RACFs across the first 3 COVID-19 waves in Queensland, through thematic and statistical analysis. ​. Results Thematic analysis using the framework approach identified 5 themes associated with outcomes of COVID-19 outbreaks in RACFs. These were analysed for statistical significance against outbreak outcomes including duration, attack rate and case fatality rate. There was a significant relationship between memory support unit (MSU) involvement and adverse outbreak outcomes. Attack rate was significantly associated with communication frequency, symptom monitoring and case detection approach, staff shortages and cohorting. Staff shortages were also significantly associated with a prolonged outbreak duration. There was no statistically significant relationship between outbreak outcomes and resource availability or infection control strategy. ​. Conclusions This emphasises the importance of frequent communication between PHUs and RACFs during active outbreaks, as well as the need for regular symptom monitoring and prompt case detection, to minimise viral transmission. Staff shortages and cohorting are also crucial factors to be addressed during outbreak management. Implications for Public Health This review adds to the evidence basis of COVID-19 outbreak management strategies to improve PHU advice to RACFs, to mitigate viral transmission and ultimately reduce the burden of disease associated with COVID-19 and other communicable diseases.

Background: From a Public Health Unit (PHU) perspective, this review aimed to examine factors associated with adverse outbreak outcomes, to identify evidence based focal strategies of managing COVID-19 outbreaks in aged care settings. Methods: A retrospective review of PHU documentation identified 55 COVID-19 outbreaks in aged care facilities in Wide Bay during 2022. Results: Thematic analysis using the framework approach identified several themes and subthemes associated with COVID-19 outbreaks in aged care. These were analysed for statistical significance against outbreak outcomes including duration, attack rate and case fatality rate. There was a significant relationship between memory support unit (MSU) involvement and adverse outbreak outcomes. Attack rate was significantly affected by communication efficiency, case detection and staff cohorting. Staff shortages were also significantly associated with adverse outcomes regarding attack rate and duration. Conclusions: This emphasises the importance of frequent communication between PHUs and RACFs during an active outbreak, as well as the need for prompt case detection, to minimise viral transmission, staff shortages and cohorting are also crucial factors to be addressed during outbreak management. Implications for Public Health: This review adds to the evidence basis of COVID-19 outbreak management strategies to improve PHU advice to RACFs during future periods of viral transmission, to ultimately reduce the associated burden of disease.

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Q fever is a notifiable disease in Australia due to its public health significance. Recent data in the Wide Bay region (Queensland, Australia) suggests a rising number and changing geographical distribution of Q fever cases. This study aims to evaluate these changes through analysis of data from Queensland Health’s Notifiable Conditions System (NoCS) over a ten-year period. A comparison was made between the recent five-year period (2018–2022) and the preceding five-year period (2013–2017) with reference to incidence rates, location of cases and likely exposures. Incidence rates of Q fever showed an upward trend over time, particularly in urban areas. This highlights the need for increased clinical suspicion, improved awareness among the community and healthcare providers, and potentially broadening of vaccination recommendations in the future.