The study aimed to identify first year BA (Hons) Early Childhood Studies students' perceptions of and confidence in, their own creativity, in an East Midlands university in the United Kingdom and to inform the teaching of a first year Play and Creativity module at the same institution. The Play and Creativity Module makes use of the democratic definition of creativity (NACCCE, 1999) and Jeffrey and Woods (2003) concept of teaching for creativity by encouraging students to engage in practical activities to develop skills and confidence in their own capabilities. Though there is plenty of research which explores these ideas within the field of early childhood there is less research which focuses on best practice in Higher Education. The study identified a clear improvement in students confidence in their own creativity and their confidence to implement the activities experienced in the module sessions within their own practice. Students developed a deeper understanding of the concept of little creativity (Craft, 2002) and the democratic definition of creativity (NACCCE, 1999) and recognised the importance of providing a wide range of opportunities and resources for children to develop creativity. The practical activities within the module also supported students professional skills such as team working, listening to others and the importance of collaboration and reflection on practice. In addition, the practical and procedural elements of practice how to do with children was identified as being an area which was illuminated by completing the module and contributed to professional practice

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Background. Acute pseudoperniosis (PP) has a recognized association with COVID-19 and tends to occur without cold precipitation in young, healthy patients, often without a clear history of COVID-19. These lesions usually resolve within 2 weeks and without long-term sequelae. In the early months of 2021, patients with delayed and protracted PP began to emerge. We have called this presentation 'tardive COVID-19 PP (TCPP)'. Aim. To consolidate and expand knowledge on TCPP, we describe the clinical characteristics, treatments and outcomes of 16 patients with TCPP who were reviewed by our outpatient dermatology service. Results. The initial clinical manifestations were erythema, swelling and PP of the fingers in 56.2%, and of the toes in 31.2%, desquamation in 56.2% and acrocyanosis in 12.5%. Ten patients had eventual involvement of all acral sites. The median duration of symptoms was 191 days. Six patients reported close contact with a confirmed or suspected case of COVID-19, but only two had positive COVID-19 tests. Four patients experienced complete or almost complete resolution of symptoms, while the rest remain under active treatment. Conclusion. Unlike acute PP, TCPP has a protracted and delayed presentation that is typically associated with profound acrocyanosis. Patients with TCPP represent a new phenomenon that is part of the post-COVID-19 syndrome, with risk factors and pathophysiology that are not yet fully understood. Our data indicate that likely predisposing factors for developing TCPP include young age, a preceding history of cold intolerance and an arachnodactyloid phenotype. Anorexia, connective tissue disorders or sickle cell trait may also predispose to TCPP. In addition, low titre antinuclear antibody positivity, the presence of cryoglobulins, or low complement levels may represent further risk factors. Finally, prolonged low temperatures are also likely to be contributing to the symptoms.

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