BackgroundAdolescent pregnancy is a global health concern. Many adolescent deaths occur due to early marriage and pregnancy. This study assessed knowledge and utilization of contraception among secondary school female adolescents at selected secondary schools in Rwamagana district.MethodsCross-sectional design using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted on 117 participants selected by simple random. Analysis used descriptive and inferential statistics at 95% confidence interval, employing SPSS Version 23. Dependent variable was the use of contraceptive and independent variables were socio-demographics and knowledge variables. Bivariate analysis assessed the association between independent and dependent variables. Multivariate analysis assessed the strength of association between dependent and independent variables by computing Odds Ratio. Results are presented in tables and figures. ResultsThe majority (88%) had heard of contraception, though knowledge about contraception was inadequate (61.54%). Level of contraceptive use was low (17%). The significant independent predictors of contraceptive use were the level of education, having heard of contraception, knowledge of source of contraception, and knowledge of specific contraception methods. ConclusionHearing about contraception, was not proportionately associated with knowledge or practicing contraception among the sexually active female adolescents. There is a need to enhance sex education, youth-friendly health services, and research. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2022;5(1):71-84

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Background Diarrhoeal disease is a worldwide public health issue and remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity in children under five years old. Low and middle income countries (LMIC) of Africa and part of Asia are more affected by diarrhoeal diseases. Objectives To measure the prevalence of Diarrhoeal Diseases and to assess Socio-demographic determinants among Under Five Years Old Children in Rwanda. Methods A cross-sectional design was used. Secondary data analysis was carried out on a sample of 7474 drawn from Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS). RDHS used multistage sampling technique. Results After running multiple logistic regression, Sociodemographic determinants associated with diarrhoeal included age of children, wealth index category, mother education, husband/partner education, types of place of residence (P-Value<0.05). Conclusion The results of the study showed that diarrhoeal remains an important health issue in Rwanda. Occurrence of diarrhoeal was statistically associated with child age, wealth index, education of parents, types of place of residence. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2020;3(3):328-341