Abstract:The mini hydro turbine research is aimed at designing and constructing a hydro-electric power plant model that can generate electric power, which can be used at the domestic level to power electrical appliances. There are three main sections for the hydro turbine, such as the pelton wheel which rotate due to falling water from the water storage tank through the penstock, the alternator, been made of a permanent magnet rotor and conducting coil windings on the stator connected to the turbine through a runner, and the feedback system for the continuous flow of water. The result shows that the construction of mini hydro turbine plant is feasible and there were no major problems apparent at the design and implementation stages of the mini hydro turbine power plant.

This research is aimed at design and construction of a mini hydro turbine generator that can be made available at the consumer level, so as to improve the generation and availability of power at lower rate without pollution to the environment so as to help boost power generation, quality of power to its power consumers in developing countries. Pelton's wheel design was used for the turbine research. Water stored in a tank or reservoir at a three meter height contains potential energy, this water is allowed to fall on the turbine wheel which drives the turbine. The potential and kinetic energy available in the water is converted to mechanical energy by rotating the runner connected to the turbine blade. The runner is connected to the rotor part of the alternator (containing the permanent magnet) and the stator (containing the windings) which is kept at permissible air gap to the rotor for effective induction. The voltage is tapped out from the stator as a single phase output, which is used to power household utilities and other machineries which need power supply. The result obtained was gotten from the various tests carried out on this research the tests includes water flow rate test, stator coil resistance test, output voltage test, power quality test and rotational speed test. The output power result shows that domestic power could be generated at individual residential level this will help improve and stabilize the power in the national grid.

This paper presents a method for users to control their home and office appliances remotely using a mobile phone. This is borne out of the desire to minimise accidents and prevent damage to electrical appliances as a result of not switching off electrical appliances such as pressing iron, electric heater, etc, which can result in fire incidence and damage. The system provides the ease of turning on/off electrical appliances with its attendant safety. The access control is achieved by sending a DTMF code from the user mobile phone to the device mobile phone receiver. The received DTMF code is then decoded by the DTMF decoder which interfaces with a PIC Microcontroller to process the signal and control the appliance with the aid of a relay. The switching system presented in this paper will enable the switching of electrical appliances with AC load of 220V±5% supply from a mobile phone by simply issuing a command through the phone's keypad to the system. This saves time used in switching ON or OFF the electrical appliances manually since the electrical appliance can be controlled from this remote system.

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