This chapter provides a schematic historical background, relevant for the present purposes, and presents an overview of social security in China. It discusses the details of the social-security programmes and the relevant features of the economy with reference to rural areas and urban areas. The chapter notes that when analysing the Chinese social-security system, it is important to bear in mind that the Chinese economy has undergone a series of revolutionary transformations since 1949. It emphasizes that, in China, the pervasive State control of industry and fundamental changes in the land tenure have made it possible for measures for preventing and alleviating deprivation to be built into the fabric of the economy to a degree that simply would not be feasible in an evolutionary framework.

This study examines the factors influencing students' under-performance in an advanced financial reporting course. Specifically, this study examines four factors which may influence the accounting students' under-performance in an advanced financial reporting course, namely class attendance, curricular activities, internship experience and English language proficiency. This study conducted a questionnaire survey on 83 final year accounting students who had failed the advanced financial reporting course at least once. The results indicated that class attendance, curricular activities and internship experience are associated with students' under-performance in this course. However, English language proficiency is not a significant factor influencing students' under-performance in the advanced financial reporting course. This indicates that understanding the content rather than the language used to teach the course is more important for student success in this field. However, further analysis shows that English language and curricular activities are significant factors for success in the advanced financial reporting course when regressed with other factors. These findings could assist academics in understanding the factors influencing students' under-performance in the advanced financial reporting course and subsequently help develop strategies to improve results in the classroom. Contribution/Originality: This study contributes to existing literature on the importance of class attendance, curricular activities, internship experience and English language proficiency on accounting students' performance in the advanced financial reporting course. 1. INTRODUCTION It is undeniable that education is important for Malaysia's economic and social development. The Malaysian Higher Education Blueprint 2015-2025 emphasizes that the learning journey does not only inspire creativity and fosters innovation but can also nurture youth with the necessary skills to enable them to compete in the modern labor market, which is a key driver of economic growth. The government's initiatives through the New Economic Model, Economic Transformation Plan and Government Transformation Plan are to ensure that the education system continues to progress in tandem with all the said initiatives. In view of these initiatives, one of the public

Since 1998, the Construction Development Industry Berhad (CIDB) has been long promoting Industrialised Building System (IBS) in Malaysia. However, the use of IBS has not achieved an impressive number which only 10% and 50% have widely used in the past said CIDB in 2006. This research study focused on why IBS practice is still in an unconvincing market state of use and how sustainability in its cost perspective influences the use of IBS in each project. A questionnaire has been developed consists of four sections and has been distributed to 30 respondents in different IBS projects within the Selangor area in Malaysia. The data has been analysed using SPSS 23 software to determine the descriptive statistics and rank regarding the issues of implementing of IBS in the industry based on a cost perspective. The research study determined the level of understanding of IBS acceptance and awareness among the Malaysian construction industry. The findings encountered the main problems by constructions player while implementing IBS. In conclusion, strategies and recommendations are also suggested.

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