Childhood cancer is a priority in Egypt due to large numbers of children with cancer, suboptimal care and insufficient resources. It is difficult to evaluate progress in survival because of paucity of data in National Cancer Registry. In this study, we studied survival rates and trends in survival of the largest available cohort of children with cancer (n = 15 779, aged 0‐18 years) from Egypt between 2007 and 2017, treated at Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt‐(CCHE), representing 40% to 50% of all childhood cancers across Egypt. We estimated 5‐year overall survival (OS) for 14 808 eligible patients using Kaplan‐Meier method, and determined survival trends using Cox regression by single year of diagnosis and by diagnosis periods. We compared age‐standardized rates to international benchmarks in England and the United States, identified cancers with inferior survival and provided recommendations for improvement. Five‐year OS was 72.1% (95% CI 71.3‐72.9) for all cancers combined, and survival trends increased significantly by single year of diagnosis (P < .001) and by calendar periods from 69.6% to 74.2% (P < .0001) between 2007‐2012 and 2013‐2017. Survival trends improved significantly for leukemias, lymphomas, CNS tumors, neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma and Ewing Sarcoma. Survival was significantly lower by 9% and 11.2% (P < .001) than England and the United States, respectively. Significantly inferior survival was observed for the majority of cancers. Although survival trends are improving for childhood cancers in Egypt/CCHE, survival is still inferior in high‐income countries. We provide evidence‐based recommendations to improve survival in Egypt by reflecting on current obstacles in care, with further implications on practice and policy.

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Objective: Psidium guajava (guava) leaf extracts have been extensively studied for their antimicrobial effect. Yet, very few studies investigated the antimicrobial effect of the ripe guava fruit. This study aims at examining aqueous extracts of ripe Psidium guajava fruit, bulb, seeds and peels (harvested in autumn at Jordan River valley). Materials and methods:Decreasing concentrations of water extracts of three parts of the fruit were tested against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria as well as the yeast Saccharomyces cerevesea using the agar diffusion method. Clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were also included.Results: Water extracts of Guava peels at concentrations ≥ 10% were inhibitory to coagulase positive S. aureus and MRSA strains, and at ≥1% were inhibitory to coagulase negative Staphylococci. Water extracts of peels acted synergistically with cell wall synthesis inhibitor antibiotics towards S. aureus and MRSA strains used. HPLC-MS-MS analysis through ion trap and subsequent fragmentation of the isolated ions from peels water extracts allowed the clear identification of two wellknown phenolic compounds that are known for their antimicrobial activity: Gallic acid (957.6 μg/mL) and Ferulic acid(13 μg/mL). Conclusion:The ripe fruit of Guava is a nutritionally rich fruit with an outer covering that possess antimicrobial properties.

Conclusions EBM+ is shown to provide a promising programme for making better use of existing evidence when assessing interventions and exposures.Concerns about infeasibility, bias and subjectivity can be allayed, although some attempts to tackle these concerns are unsuccessful.