No abstract

Clay is one of many types of raw materials that have plasticity and advantage of securing so used as a binder in refractory products. Iraqi white kaolin used as a binding material in ratio (15, 20, 25, 30)%. The samples were formed by dry pressing and left at room temperature for (24)hr then fired at (1200)˚C with socking time for (2)hr. The Study included Linear shrinkage, Apparent density, Porosity, water absorption, loss in mass, wettability and microstructure by (SEM) as physical properties, Thermal conductivity, and thermal shock resistance as thermal properties. The microstructure of the refractories consist of zirconium silicate, mullite phase, and glass binding phase. The refractory showed medium porosity. Increasing of Iraqi white kaolin percentage leads to Increasing the Linear shrinkage ratio, Apparent density, loss in mass and thermal conductivity and decreasing the Apparent Porosity and water absorption ratio , because of the Increasing of the liquid phase ratio in refractory. The effect of thermal shock on diametrical strength studied, where it is noticed the thermal shock temperatures between (400-600)˚C.

Thermal and acoustic insulation samples were prepared from white Portland cement. The paste of recycled paper and water was suitable to form secondary roofs, walls, and use as a non-traditional construction materials. The paste made by (paper: water) with different weight ratios) 4:1( )2:1) )1:1). These samples were reinforced by hemp as a natural fibers with weight ratios (10% and 30%), both Physical, thermal, and acoustic insulation properties was studied for the insulation samples. There results reveal decreasing thermal conductivity and increasing acoustic insulation. When the paste (paper: water) at ratio (1:1). At last, the addition of Hemp fibers at ratio (30%) to insulation samples effect on some properties, Thermal conductivity decrease to (0.2W/Mk). While the acoustic insulation increase when the acoustic level decrease to (90dB), bending and diametrical strengths increase with this addition, Finally these composites materials have a combustion resistance, no emitted toxic gas led this material can be an eco-friendly materials.

In this work, ceramic crude petroleum filter was prepared from low-cost materials based on Kaolin powder and Alumina, with combustible materials as palm fronds powder which acts as pore creating the agent. The filter samples with different content (5,10,15,25,35 and 45) % of palm fronds were fabricated using a dry pressing method and fired at1100 ˚C. After that, samples of porous ceramic filters were prepared and some tests were carried out, such as characterization by X-ray diffraction, physical properties (linear shrinkage, mass loss) and mechanical properties (compressive strength and diametrical strength). Results showed that linear shrinkage was 7.7%, loss in mass was 49.4%, compressive strength was 2.2 Mpa and diametrical strength was 1.7 Mpa with a 45% ratio of fine (P.F). Crude petroleum passing through the filters evaluated by tests, such as (API Gravity, Sulfur Content and Asphaltenes Content). The result of API Gravity before immersion crude petroleum filter balls was 24.70 and after immersion crude petroleum filter balls for 14 days for 30% (P.F) increased to 32.5. Sulfur Content before immersion crude petroleum filter balls was 3.76 and after immersion crude petroleum filter balls for 14 days for 30% (P.F) decreased to 2.6.So Asphaltenes Content before immersion crude petroleum filter balls was 6.68 and after immersion crude petroleum filter balls for 14 days for 30% (P.F) decreased to 1.6.