The majority of women during the menopausal period have great hormonal changes that affect both somatic and mental aspects. In modern life, regular exercise has become a necessity and recently is considered as a new alternative method to improve post menopausal symptoms. Aims: The trial intends to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercises on depression and insomnia in post menopausal Egyptian females.

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Objective: This study was conducted to clarify the effect of different types of exercises in improving ventilatory functions in welders. Methods: Sixty male welders, age ranged between 20-30 years, have been selected from Abu Al Yazid welding exhaust factory at 6 th of October industrial area. Data of each case were collected from the medical examination and Spirometric results to measure forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MMV). Before the period of training the workers were classified randomly into three groups. First group was trained by arm exercise connected with breathing. Second group was trained by incentive spirometer. Third group was trained by both arm exercise and incentive spirometer. The ventilatory function test was performed to each subject pre and after two months of training to mark out the values of FVC, FEV1, and MVV. Results: Results showed that breathing exercise programs improve ventilatory functions (FVC, FEV1, MVV) after two months of training. Conclusion: The study supports the importance of arm exercise connected with breathing and incentive spirometer as a method of breathing exercise in improving the ventilatory functions in welders.

Background. Studying effects of polarized light therapy on gingivitis in type I diabetic adolescents is a strategy for determining its efficacy in healing effect on gingival ulceration. Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of polarized light therapy on gingivitis in type I diabetic adolescents. Methods. Thirty type I diabetic adolescents receiving insulin therapy (Males and Females) who had gingivitis, ulceration pain and their ages ranged from 12 to 17 years were divided into two groups. Group (A) composed of 15 patients received the Bioptron light therapy (BLT) in addition to the routine medical care of gingivitis and insulin therapy. Group (B) received only the routine medical care of gingivitis and insulin therapy, duration of the BLT application was 10 minutes applied daily for 30 days. Results. Results showed that application of the BLT had a valuable healing effects on gingival ulceration and decrease pain in type I diabetic adolescents as evidenced by the highly decreases of the WHO oral mucositis scale, the common toxicity criteria scale and visual analogue scale. Conclusion. BLT is an effective additional tool for physical therapy program in treatment of gingivitis in type I diabetic adolescents as it plays an important role in healing effect on gingival ulceration and decrease pain.