In this paper we describe a practical framework for studying the navigational behavior of the users of an e-learning environment integrated in a virtual campus. The students navigate through the web based virtual campus interacting with learning resources which are structured following the SCORM e-learning standard. Our main goal is to design a usage mining tool for analyzing such user navigational behavior and for extracting relevant information that can be used to validate several aspects related to virtual campus design and usability but also to determine the optimal scheduling for each course depending on user profile. We intend to extend the sequencing capabilities of the SCORM standard to include the concept of recommended itinerary, by combining teachers expertise with learned experience acquired by system usage analysis.

In this paper we describe a browsing and searching personalization system for digital libraries based on the use of ontologies for describing the relationships between all the elements which take part in a digital library scenario of use. The main goal of this project is to help the users of a digital library to improve their experience of use by means of two complementary strategies: first, by maintaining a complete history record of his or her browsing and searching activities, which is part of a navigational user profile which includes preferences and all the aspects related to community involvement; and second, by reusing all the knowledge which has been extracted from previous usage from other users with similar profiles. This can be accomplished in terms of narrowing and focusing the search results and browsing options through the use of a recommendation system which organizes such results in the most appropriate manner, using ontologies and concepts drawn from the semantic web field. The complete integration of the experience of use of a digital library in the learning process is also pursued. Both the usage and information organization can be also exploited to extract useful knowledge from the way users interact with a digital library, knowledge that can be used to improve several design aspects of the library, ranging from internal organization aspects to human factors and user interfaces. Although this project is still on an early development stage, it is possible to identify all the desired functionalities and requirements that are necessary to fully integrate the use of a digital library in an elearning environment.

In this paper we describe the navigational behavior of the students of a e-learning virtual environment, in order to determine whether such navigational patterns are related to the academic performance achieved by the students or not, and which behaviors can be identified as more successful . IntroductionWeb mining is becoming a useful and common tool for institutions, as more and more data is collected from the users browsing the increasing number of web pages with interesting content. The validity of web mining as a tool for extracting useful information in any web-based organization system is described in several papers, see [13,7] for example. There are several fields where web mining can be used for understanding user navigational behavior. This expertise about users behavior can be reintegrated in the webbased system (offering user personalized services, for example) in order to improve user experience and satisfaction, and hopefully, to strength the customer relationship model.On the other hand, e-learning is one of the most promising and growing issues in the information society nowadays. The growth of the Internet is bringing online learning to people in corporations, institutes of higher education, the government and other sectors. The growing need of continuous education and the inclusion of new multimedia technologies become crucial factors for this expansion. The appear of Learning Management Systems (LMS) has been a remarkable event for the success of e-learning environments, because there is no longer the need to design specific software for both content delivery and user management.Several interesting questions arise from the use of web mining techniques in e-learning virtual environments. The possibility of tracking user behavior in such environments creates new possibilities for both web-based system architects and designers, but also for the pedagogical and instructional designers, which create and organize the learning contents. One of the most interesting possibilities is the personalization of the e-learning process. Personalization, which is a term widely used in other environments [11] such as e-commerce, is one of the most well-known and desirable properties of any web-based system, as it pursues the improvement of user experience and satisfaction. Personalization arises from the knowledge extracted from the navigational behavior of the e-learning virtual environment users, mostly students in this particular scenario. In fact, such scenario is a "closed" system in the sense that every action performed by the users are related to the learning process, and with a set of previously established goals. Therefore, interesting hypothesis about users behavior, navigational patterns and other issues related to the learning process can be formulated and validated by means of web mining tools. This paper is structured as follows: Section 2 describes the internal structure of e-learning virtual environments and the navigational levels. The experiments which support the user navigational beh...

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In this paper we describe a practical framework for studying the navigational behavior of the users of an e-learning environment integrated in a virtual campus. The students navigate through the web based virtual campus interacting with learning resources which are structured following the SCORM e-learning standard. Our main goal is to design a usage mining tool for analyzing such user navigational behavior and for extracting relevant information that can be used to validate several aspects related to virtual campus design and usability but also to determine the optimal scheduling for each course depending on user profile. We intend to extend the sequencing capabilities of the SCORM standard to include the concept of recommended itinerary, by combining teachers expertise with learned experience acquired by system usage analysis.