Grasslands in the Andean highlands plateau of southern Peru have been considered as a single and homogeneous dry habitat also known as Puna. However, in some regions, a highest rainfall regimen is found, and the name of wet puna has begun to be used by some authors. Since no studies have been carrying out specifically to test if dry and wet puna are different ecological units, we chose two representative localities of each one of these habitat to evaluate assemblages of bird and mammal communities and their continuity or independence between these apparently similar habitats. Our results suggest that wet puna has different mammal diversity than dry puna, and a heterogeneous bird community with species that have been previously reported exclusively in paramo or exclusively in puna. In spite of the apparent uniform flora in the Andean highlands of South Peru, data suggest that rainfall regimens produce a mosaic of habitats that will be determining ecological barriers for terrestrial mammals, in particular for small mammals. Key words: Andean grasslands, Andean plateau, Cuzco, Oriental Cordillera, paramo, puna, Puno. ResumenLos Pajonales de los Andes del sur del Perú, también conocidos como Puna, son considerados como hábitats homogéneos y secos. Sin embargo, en algunas regiones se encuentra un alto régimen de precipitaciones y algunos autores han empezado a usar el nombre de Puna Húmeda. Hasta la actualidad no se vienen realizando estudios específicos para probar si la Puna Húmeda y Seca son dos unidades ecológicas diferentes. Se escogieron dos localidades representativas de cada uno de estos hábitat para evaluar la estructura de las comunidades de aves y mamíferos y su continuidad o independencia entre estos hábitat aparentemente similares. Los resultados sugieren que la Puna Húmeda tiene una diversidad de mamíferos diferente a la de la Puna Seca, y una comunidad de aves heterogénea con especies que vienen siendo previamente reportadas como exclusivas de Páramo o de Puna. A pesar de la aparente uniformidad de la flora en los Andes del sur del Perú, la información sugiere que los regimenes de precipitaciones producen un mosaico de hábitat que estaría determinando barreras ecológicas para mamíferos terrestres, en particular para pequeños mamíferos.
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