Information sharing is a vital component of unified planning among multiple agencies performing varied tasks and activities toward effective emergency response, which promotes effective coordination. Insufficient information sharing and ineffective coordination among organizations during a disaster response creates a bottleneck in need of urgent resolution to effect preparedness. Building a highly effective emergency management information system would help to solve this problem. Modern information technology processing techniques have produced tools and approaches for information sharing across multiple agencies. However, Chinese and international scholars who study the multi-agency unified response systems of various countries have found that such systems are not in practice. This study took a socio-technical system perspective to analyze the characteristics of emergency response organizations and tasks involved in the response to the 2008 Wenchuan (China) earthquake as a case study. Existing problems and possible causes were analyzed from system and technology perspectives to identify possible resolutions to problems in cross-organizational information sharing and coordination that would improve the quality and speed of information sharing and coordination among multiple agencies. The results suggest a basic theoretical approach for the analysis and design of an open, cross-organizational relief management information system that can efficiently and effectively respond to large-scale disasters.

The host sensitized near‐infrared (NIR) emitting phosphor Sr2CaMoO6:Yb3+ was fabricated by the solid state reaction method. The structural refinement and Raman spectra elucidate that Yb3+ ions preferentially occupy Ca2+ sites. The phosphor can harvest ultraviolet (UV)–blue photons and exhibits intense NIR emission at around 1012 nm with full‐width‐at‐half‐maximum of 1635 cm–1. Moreover, the absolute NIR photoluminesence quantum yield (PLQY) is estimated to be about 9%. The Sr2CaMoO6:Yb3+ phosphor may be a promising luminescence downshifting material for improving the spectral response of solar cells in the UV region. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Mobile-learning is not limited by time and place, it has a lot of advantages compared with traditional learning methods, so it has become a hot spot of education model reform. Teachers are also trying and researching on mobile-learning assisted instruction. However, the current research on mobile-learning mainly focuses on the students' users. In contrast, the behavior habits and use intentions of teachers' assisted instruction are very different, and teachers have a great impact on the use intentions of students' mobile-learning. In this study, through combing the theoretical literature of mobile-learning influencing factors, we use TAM model to build a mobile-learning influencing factor model, and put forward the corresponding research hypothesis. On the basis of this model, a questionnaire about the influencing factors of mobile-learning for university teachers is designed. The relevant data obtained from the questionnaire are analyzed by SPSS and Amos data analysis software. Through the analysis, it is concluded that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, resource optimization, future teaching tendency and social impact all have an impact on teachers' willingness to use mobile-learning, and relevant suggestions are putted forward.

Emergency response is a complicated process that requires substantial knowledge, information support and multi-subject collaboration. This paper focuses on the analysis and design of a system for emergency responders in charge of task planning, coordinating and controlling the actions in crisis response. Based on system science theory, we analysed the characteristics of emergency decision-making in times of disaster and discussed the process and internal architecture of the resulting system for developing an emergency plan. We also provide a basic analysis framework for multi-layer, multisubject and multi-task emergency planning in times of disaster. We designed the structure and process of an emergency planning system. Consistent data standards are critical for such a system, and many analyses of crisis response reveal that the lack of such standards hinders efficient critical information flow among incident responders. Therefore, using a team collaborative perspective for emergency planning, we developed an emergency information and plan model for general emergency planning based on the hazard emergency domain and plan ontology concepts. This is a basic utilitarian model for the hierarchical collaborative emergency plan process. We also developed a prototype system and tested its validity for multi-subject task planning.