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The present speciation method reports the determination of inorganic arsenic forms, using metallic furnace hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. The inorganic As speciation is carried out using mild conditions for hydride formation, such as slightly acid pH media (4.50) and low tetrahydridoborate(1-) concentration (0.1% (w/v)). Limits of detection and quantification of 2.0 and 6.6 μg L(-1) of iAs(III) are obtained using optimized conditions. Additionally, microwave-assisted extraction using water as solvent is carried out to provide the appropriate environment for As species extraction as well as impeding inter-conversion between species. With these analytical strategies, As was accurately determined (at 99.9% confidence level) in water and plankton samples.

Chemical speciation approaches is an inherent part of metallomics, once metals/metalloids and organic structures need to be currently evaluated for attaining metallomics studies. Then, this chapter focuses on the applications of the chemical speciation applied to the human health risk, food and human diet, drugs, forensic, nanoscience, and geological metallomics, also pointing out the advances in such area. Some aspects regarding sample preparation is commented along this chapter, and some strategies for maintaining the integrity of the metallomics information are also emphasized.