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Özetçe-Kablosuz algılayıcı ağlarında enerji tüketimi ve mevcut enerjinin optimum kullanımı hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada karınca koloni algoritması ile çok duraklı ve enerji tüketimi açısından verimli rotalar elde edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Önerilen yöntem merkezi bir kontrol olmaksızın düğümlerin kendi rotalarını bulmalarını sağlamayı hedeflemektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler -kablosuz algılayıcı ağları; karınca koloni algoritması; rotalama.Abstract-Energy consumption has a vital importance in wireless sensor networks. In this paper an ant colony based method proposed to obtain energy efficient multi hop routes. The proposed method doesn't need any centralized control therefore allows nodes finding their routes themselves.

Integration of renewable energy systems to the existing power grid has become an inevitable issue all over the world. Besides its advantages, it brings serious problems such as system frequency and tie-line power fluctuations which may result in instability or undesired situations in a power system. On the other hand, cascaded controller structures have become so popular in the literature. Because they have more degree of freedom resulting in increased flexibility according to the non-cascaded ones. Within the above-given explanations, in this study, we aim to investigate the performances of cascaded fractional and integer order controllers TI-TD and PI-PD compared to the non-cascaded ones PID and TID controllers for a two area PV-Thermal reheat power system. The designed controllers are optimized by the Mayfly algorithm (MA) to minimize the integral of the time-weighted absolute error (ITAE) performance index. A detailed performance task is considered for the controllers. These are time domain analysis, robustness, random load change, progressive nonlinearities, and cyber attack issues. The nonlinearity analysis consists of governor dead band (GDB), generation rate constraints (GRC), boiler dynamics (BD), and time delay (TD). Also, two cyber-attack models called a resonance attack (ResA) and random attack (RndA) are applied to the controller systems. Simulation results show the superiority of the optimized and cascaded controllers, especially for TI-TD controller. The performance result of the controllers is also verified by comparing each other and some reported controllers in the literature.

In this article, Pathfinder-Derivative filtered proportional-integral-derivative controller (PF-PIDF) is proposed as the optimum algorithm and controller for DC motor speed control. The Pathfinder algorithm is inspired by the collective behavior of the animal colony and imitates the leadership hierarchy of the herds in order to determine the best meal or hunting ground. The movement of all particles is not regular, they all move randomly. In order to acquire the best parameters of the derivative filtered PID controller (PIDF) controller with the Pathfinder algorithm, the objective function ITAE (Integral of the Time Multiple Absolute Error), one of the commonly used objective functions in the literature, was used. Time solution set analysis, frequency response analysis (bode), robustness analysis, pole-zero map analysis and load disturbance rejection analysis were performed in MATLAB/Simulink software to make comparisons between algorithms and controllers and to testify the sufficiency of the proposed controller. As a result of the studies, it has been seen that the with PIDF Pathfinder algorithm has better performance than the other optimization algorithms in the article.