In the presence of palladium on carbon (Pd/C) as a catalyst, hydrogenation of aliphatic nitriles in cyclohexane efficiently proceeded at 25-60 °C under ordinary hydrogen gas pressure to afford the corresponding tertiary amines. However, the use of rhodium on carbon (Rh/C) led to the highly selective generation of secondary amines. Hydrogenation of aromatic nitriles and cyclohexanecarbonitrile selectively produced secondary amines in the presence of either Pd/C or Rh/C.

Multiply charged iron atoms up to Fe(6+) with few carbon ions were produced from ferrocene under intense femtosecond laser fields. The production of Fe(4+) and Fe(5+) from ferrocene requires much less laser intensity than theoretically expected for iron atoms. The dissociation of ferrocene and the generation mechanism of multiply charged iron atoms are discussed.

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