People with Disability are having limited access to participation. The most significant barrier for people with disabilities to participate is stigma. However, there is a limited source of existing intervention to reduce stigma on people with disabilities. Indonesia, home of more than 20 million people with disabilities, is still having no effort in reducing stigma yet. Therefore, it is important to provide Indonesia with insight of interventions to reduce stigma on people with disabilities. The objective of the study was to provide insight of interventions to reduce stigma on people with disabilities around the world through a systematic review. The study employed a systematic review following the methodological framework provided by Prisma multistep using electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest), reference lists, and journals to locate studies. Inclusion criteria were based on title and content through keyword search with stigma, disability, and intervention as its keyword. The study revealed that from 449 articles that are found online, only 17 are eligible with the inclusion criteria. Most of the interventions are targeting to reduce stigma from the general population towards people with disabilities. Mental disability is the most type of disability addressed by the intervention. The study concluded that education intervention has proven to be the most effective and efficient type of intervention in reducing stigma toward people with disabilities. Especially in Indonesia, a fourth most populous country, increasing impact area by targeting the general population can be seen as the most efficient way in reducing stigma.

This study aims to increase the understanding of ways in which leprosy and other disabilities may impact the marital relationships and sexual health of married women living in Tegal regency, Indonesia. Method: We used a cross-sectional comparative study design with a qualitative approach. Three groups of married women were interviewed in-depth: (1) women affected by leprosy, (2) women without leprosy, but with physical disabilities, and (3) women without leprosy or disabilities (a control group). The ABC-X Model of family stress and coping was used to develop the interview guide and to analyse the data. The data were analysed by two independent researchers by means of deductive thematic analysis. Results Twenty-four women participated in the study. Most women in all groups had positive experiences regarding their marital relationships and support received from their husbands. Negative (physical) effects of leprosy on sexual health were present: over half of the women said they were reluctant to have sexual intercourse, either because they felt unwell because of their condition or because they were afraid of infecting their husband. It appeared that leprosy-affected women were more dissatisfied with their sexual health compared to the other two groups. Coping strategies to deal with difficulties in the marital relationship included silence, venting, religion, positive thinking, humour and acceptance.