Under the ANDRA Meuse/Haute Marne underground research laboratory scientific programme, two boreholes (EST204 and EST205) were drilled to a depth of 510 m for the purposes of scientific characterization. Twenty-nine core samples were taken in borehole EST205 every 3 m between 422 and 504 m depth. Physical property measurements (water content, porosity, density, specific surface), geochemical analyses (major and trace
The concept of storing radioactive waste in geological formations calls for large quantities of concrete that will be in contact with the clay material of the engineered barriers as well as with the geological formation. France, Switzerland and Belgium are studying the option of clayey geological formations. The clay and cement media have very contrasted chemistries that will interact and lead to a degradation of both types of material. The purpose of this review is to establish an exhaustive list of laboratory experiments so as to identify the reaction sequences in the evolution of both the clay minerals and accessory minerals during their alteration in an alkaline environment. We review the data on clay dissolution kinetics in this environment, and include an invaluable study of natural analogues that allow one to correlate the phenomena in time. The available data and experiments make it possible to construct predictive numerical models. However, as the quality of the data is inhomogeneous, we recommend a continuation of the thermodynamic and kinetic data acquisition. It is obvious that the numerical modeling of the alkaline disturbance will be more relevant if it can combine the advantages of the different detailed models: mineralogical completeness, combined modeling of the clay and cement media, evolution of the porosity, consideration of the pCO 2 and all the surface reactions.
Au sein des études menées par l'ANDRA pour caractériser le Callovo-Oxfordien, la chimie de l'eau interstitielle constitue une thématique clé car elle détermine le devenir dans le temps des matériaux introduit sur les sites de stockage (bentonite, béton, métaux, colis de verre). Elle détermine aussi la spéciation (et donc la mobilité) des radionucléides. La méthode développée dans le cadre du projet THERMOAR permet l'acquisition d'un jeu complet de données pour modéliser la chimie des eaux à partir de carottes de roche. Elle nécessite une étude minéralogique approfondie, un modèle de répartition eau libre/eau liée, des expériences de lessivage, des mesures des ions adsorbés, l'acquisition de constantes d'échange d'ions, la mesure des pressions partielles en CO 2. L'ensemble de ces expériences et mesures a été appliqué à des échantillons provenant du site du laboratoire Meuse/Haute-Marne et des forages régionaux de l'ANDRA. On observe ainsi la stabilité régionale d'un grand nombre de paramètres à l'exception d'une diminution de teneur en Na et Cl suivant un axe nord-est / sud-ouest passant par le laboratoire. Le modèle d'équilibre eau/roche permet de calculer la composition chimique des eaux interstitielle de la formation.
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