In sedated, unparalyzed children, the narrowest portions of the larynx are the glottic opening (vocal cord level) and the immediate sub-vocal cord level, and there is no change in the relationships of these dimensions relative to cricoid dimensions throughout childhood.

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The dimensions of the upper airways of children change shape significantly on awakening from propofol sedation. When sedated, the upper airway is oblong shaped, with the A-P diameter larger than the transverse diameter. On awakening, the shape of the upper airway in most children changed such that the transverse diameter was larger. Cross-sectional areas between sedated and awakening states were unchanged. These changes may reflect the differential effects of propofol on upper airway musculature during awakening.

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