Resident-centered MDR is an effective process using no additional resources that simultaneously improves quality of care while enhancing resident education and is associated with shortened length of stay.

We have studied a number of cell surface, enzyme, and protein markers in the human leukemic K562 cell line. We have confirmed previous observations that these cells accumulate human embryonic hemoglobins after exposure to hemin. In addition, our results demonstrated that these cells possess in their "uninduced" state i surface antigen, lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes characteristic of embryonic or fetal erythroid cells, fetal and embryonic globin chains, and globin mRNAs.

We have recently described an in vitro clonal assay system for human megakaryocyte-progenitor cells or megakaryocytic colony-forming units (CFU-M). Serum specimens from patients with quantitative platelet disorders were screened for the capacity to alter in vitro megakaryocyte-colony formation. Serum from 11 patients with hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia significantly enhanced the formation of CFU-M-derived colonies (200 to 1840 per cent). Neither serum from eight patients with thrombocytopenia and normal or increased numbers of marrow megakaryocytes nor serum from 11 patients with thrombocytosis altered colony formation. This stimulatory activity has been termed megakaryocytic-colony-stimulating activity (Meg-CSA). The number of megakaryocytic colonies formed was directly proportional to the quantity of stimulatory serum added. Meg-CSA levels appeared to be inversely related to marrow megakaryocyte numbers. The variations in Meg-CSA levels that were detected in different disease states suggest that alterations in the production of this stem-cell regulator have physiologic importance.

OBJECTIVE:Although hospitalists have been shown to improve both financial and educational outcomes, their ability to manage dual roles as clinicians and educators has been infrequently demonstrated, particularly in the community setting where large numbers of residents train. We evaluated the impact of hospitalists on financial and educational outcomes at a midsized community teaching hospital 1 year after implementation. DESIGN:Two hospitalist clinician educators ( HCEs) were hired to provide inpatient medical care while participating in resident education. Length of stay and cost per case data were calculated for all patients admitted to the hospitalist service during their first year and compared with patients admitted to private physicians. The hospitalists' top 11 discharge diagnoses were individually assessed. For the same time period, categorical medicine residents ( N = 36) were given an anonymous written survey to assess the HCEs' impact on resident education and service. RESULTS:Resource consumption: length of stay was reduced by 20.8% and total cost per case was reduced by 18.4% comparing the HCEs with community-based physicians. Reductions in both length of stay and cost per case were noted for 8 of the 11 most common discharge diagnoses. Resident survey: over 75% of residents responded, with all noting improvement in the quality of attending rounds, bedside teaching, and the overall inpatient experience. Residents' roles as teachers and team leaders were largely unchanged. A driving force behind the expansion of the hospitalist movement is the potential to deliver high-quality medical care while decreasing inpatient costs and improving efficiency. Several institutions have demonstrated that both length of stay (LOS) and cost per case (C/C) have been reduced through the use of hospitalists. CONCLUSION:1-6 On average, hospitalists have been reported to reduce LOS by 16.6% and C/C by 13.4%. 1 Such decreases have been shown in both academic 2,3 and community-based institutions. [4][5][6] Though economic forces ultimately drive the utilization of hospitalists, other outcomes, such as the benefit of hospitalists on the medical education of internal medicine residents and medical students, have been explored to a limited extent. 7 In one large university medical center, residents expressed satisfaction with the teaching provided by hospitalists and reported that it was equivalent and often superior to that of traditional ward attendings. 2 In fact, these residents requested that hospitalists be a part of all of their future inpatient ward rotations. Another university medical center found that the presence of hospitalists improved the quality of attending rounds, increased the emphasis on resident education during inpatient rotations, and enhanced residents' overall learning experience. 8Despite the fact that hospitalists often serve in dual roles as clinicians and educators, there are few data on their ability to effectively manage these roles simultaneously. For academic community-based teaching hospital...