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The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of banking concentration on the monetary policy transmission mechanism in Cameroon. To conduct our study, we focus our attention on the bank lending channel. Using bank-level data of 6 commercial banks from 2006-2016 collected from National Credit Council, we estimate our model using the Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) method. We find that, banking channel exist in Cameroon. Moreover, it appears that banking concentration weakens bank lending channel of monetary policy transmission in Cameroon. But, its impact is not significant. It also appears that banking concentration negatively and significantly affect credit supply in Cameroon. Therefore, we recommend to the Central Bank authority to reduce the amount of regulatory capital to a reasonable level in order to facilitate the entry of new banks into the sector. This should ultimately lead to the migration of concentrated structure to competitive structure more able to convey monetary policy decisions. Contribution/ Originality: This study contributes to the existing literature on monetary policy transmission mechanism in Cameroon by taking into account the effect of banking concentration on credit channel of monetary policy. 1. INTRODUCTION The financial system of the Economic Community of Central African States (CEMAC: Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Central African Republic and Chad) is dominated by the banking system. This sector alone holds nearly 85% of financial assets and liabilities therefore, the bank lending channel seems to be the main channel of BEAC (Bank of Central African States) monetary policy transmission (Bikai & Kenkouo, 2015). However, the distribution of bank credit appears very concentrated in the various Central African countries. According to the 2012 COBAC (Central African Banking Commission) report, the value of the Herfindahl-Hirschmann index on the redeemable credits granted is higher than the threshold of 0.18, thus reflecting a high concentration of banks. For example, in Gabon, 65% and 45% of loans were granted by a single bank respectively in 2009 and 2010. In Equatorial Guinea, only one bank accounted for more than 60 % of loans granted in 2009. But the following year, a total of 76% credit was granted by two largest banks in Equatorial Guinea in 2010. In Cameroon two

This paper contributes to the understanding of the other neglected effects of fiscal policy by analyzing how it affects economic growth in developing countries over the period 1980-2014.The empirical evidence is based on a Pooled Mean Group approach. With the panel of dependent natural resources countries that all are members of a Central Africa Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC), the results show that fiscal policy measured as budget deficit has a positive and significant effect on growth in the short-run while it has a negative and significant effect on economic growth in the long run. The results of a short-run country effect analysis show the effectiveness of fiscal policy in all the countries of the union with an important effect in Equatorial Guinea and the less effect in Cameroon. There for, it would be important for the governments of these countries to diversify their economy, increase the share of manufacturing exports in their total exports and finally rigorously manage their public spending.Contribution/ Originality: This study contributes to the existing literature by exploring if the dependency in natural resources can influence the relationship between fiscal policy and economic growth. This study is one of very few studies which have investigated on the issue in the CEMAC using panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) regression. INTRODUCTIONThe budget deficit was mainly a tool of fiscal policy during the post-world war years. The application of Keynesian theory has long been advocated for boosting the economy even if the state budget is in deficit. This in order to revive the economy. Taken as an economic tool, the budget deficit made it possible, at best, to stimulate the economy and at worst to limit the effects of a recession, the multiplier effect proved its worth in the economic crises especially that of 1929. But the economic crisis 1980s, after the 1973 and 1979 oil shocks halted economic growth after that of the glorious Thirty. The implementation of Keynesian policies was no longer followed by positive effects. It is in this context of over-indebtedness and economic imbalances that some developing countries have had to adopt reforms based on structural adjustment programs under the supervision of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. These reforms intensified in sub-Saharan Africa and particularly in the Franc Zone from 1994 with the devaluation of the CFA franc against the French franc and the process of sub-regional integration.Economic life has also been subject to multiple and restrictive regulations. These orientations constituted a heavy

Information and communication technologies have changed the way in which a very large number of professions are exercised. As a result, digital technology can therefore contribute to the reduction or destruction of jobs and consequently to the rise in unemployment. Hence the fear of workers regarding the substitution of labor by machinery. Nevertheless, Schumpeterian theory maintains that technical progress generates opportunities for profit, and therefore investment opportunities, which when seized by companies are transformed into jobs. It is in the light of this controversy that the purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of information and communication technologies on employment in Cameroon. By applying the OLS method to data covering the period 1980-2016, the results reveal that ICT promotes job creation in Cameroon. Thus, we suggest to the Cameroonian government to create more favorable conditions for the development of ICTs which will have the positive externality of job creation.

Although the macroeconomic effects of information and communication technology (ICT) has been a topic of many debates in the literature over the past 20 years, the effect of ICT on terrorism is still largely unexplored. Using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) technique, this paper investigates the impact of ICT on terrorism on a panel of 49 African countries over the period 1998-2012. Two ICT indicators (Internet and Mobile) and four different but linked terrorism indicators (Domestic, transnational, unclear and total terrorisms) are used. The paper finds a significant positive effect of ICT on terrorism.