OBJECTIVE: to compare the level of fear of death in nursing students and professionals. METHOD: this was a comparative-transversal study examining 643 nursing students and professionals from a third-level institution. A random sampling method was employed, and the sample size was calculated by power analysis. The study was developed during three stages: the first stage consisted of the application of a pilot test, the second stage involved the recruitment of the participants, and the third stage measured the participants' responses on the Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale. RESULTS: the average fear of death was moderate-high (-X=3.19±0.55), and the highest score was observed for the fear of the death of others (-X=3.52±0.20). Significant differences in the perceptions of fear of death were observed among the students of the first three years (p<.05). However, no significant differences were observed among the first- and fourth-year students and professionals (p>.05). CONCLUSIONS: it is possible that first-year students exhibit a reduced fear of death because they have not had the experience of hospital practice. Students in their second and third year may have a greater fear of death because they have cared for terminal patients. However, it appears that greater confidence is acquired over time, and thus fourth-year students and professionals exhibit less fear of death than second- and third-year students (p<.05).
BackgroundAcylcarnitine (AC) transport dysfunction into the mitochondrial matrix is one of the pathophysiological mechanisms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The effect of an aerobic exercise (AE) program on this condition in obese subjects without DM is unclear.MethodsA prospective, randomized, longitudinal, interventional study in a University Research Center involved a 10-week AE program in 32 women without DM and a body mass index (BMI) greater than 27 kg/m2. (Cases n = 17; Controls n = 15). The primary objective was to evaluate the influence of a controlled AE program on beta-oxidation according to modifications in short, medium, and long-chain ACs. Secondary objectives were to define the behavior of amino acids, and the correlation between these modifications with metabolic and anthropometric markers.ResultsThe proportion of dropouts was 17% and 6% in controls and cases, respectively. In cases there was a significant reduction in total carnitine (30.40 [95% CI 28.2 to 35.6]) vs. (29.4 [CI 95% 25.1 to 31.7]) p = 0.0008 and long-chain AC C14 (0.06 [95% CI 0.05 to 0.08]) vs. (0.05 [95% CI 0.05 to 0.09]) p = 0.005 and in C18 (0.31 [95% CI 0.27 to 0.45]) vs. (0.28 [95% CI 0.22 to 0.32]) p = 0.03. Free fatty acid levels remained without change during the study in both groups.ConclusionIn conclusion, a controlled 10-week AE program improved beta-oxidation by reducing long-chain ACs. This finding highlights the importance that AE might have in avoiding or reverting lipotoxicity, and in consequence, improving insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta cell functional reserve.
Introducción: El desarrollo de la investigación en enfermería es mucho más concreto todos los días; sin embargo, las revistas mexicanas no están dentro de los índices requeridos por el Sistema Nacional de Investigadores para ser consideradas como obras con rigor metodológico y sin sesgos. Objetivo: Describir las temáticas y características metodológicas de las publicaciones de enfermería en las principales revistas de México, en los últimos cinco años. Método: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. Se analizaron seis revistas nacionales, que fueron publicadas del segundo semestre del año 2010 al segundo semestre del 2015. La muestra correspondió a 244 artículos originales y/o de investigación. El análisis de resultados se realizó con estadística descriptiva, en el que se utilizaron frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados: Grado de primer autor: posgrado (38.2%). Instituciones de educación superior: (66.8%). Tema central: Clínico (45.8%). No utiliza teoría: (84.0%). De los diseños cuantitativos. Análisis: Descriptivo: (49.1%). Transversal: (73.5%). Sin registro ético: (79.6%). De los diseños cualitativos. Instrumento: Entrevista semiestructurada (83.9%). Codificación: Abierta (80.6%). Rapport (3.2%). Conclusiones: La investigación en enfermería debe adoptar criterios de investigación que impliquen una mayor calidad en la forma de hacer investigación, con el fin de considerar los resultados de investigación como parte de un cuerpo de evidencia disciplinar claramente confiable, replicable y útil para rediseñar los procesos en la práctica real de la enfermería.
Resumen. La Escala original de Miedo a la Muerte de Collett-Lester (EMMCL), traducida al español, no ha sido validada en población mexicana. Dado que la muerte para los mexicanos tiene una perspectiva diferente a la de individuos de otras culturas, es importante indagar sobre su validación. El objetivo de este artículo es determinar la validez de la EMMCL en población universitaria mexicana. Metodología. Diseño psicométrico y transversal, muestreo aleatorio simple. Se analizaron las respuestas de 368 estudiantes de enfermería. Resultados. Predominó el género femenino (90.2%), edad igual a 21.0±3. La EMMCL obtuvo una confiabilidad de 0.95. Las puntuaciones en las dimensiones de la muerte propia, en comparación con la muerte de otros, es menor (=2.8±0.56 vs =3.5±0.53). El proceso de la muerte propia, en comparación con el de otros, no es diferente ( =3.2± 0.46 vs =3.2±0.34). El análisis factorial con el método de rotación varimax apoyó la validez de contenido de la escala original, a pesar de que los reactivos de dos dimensiones se reagruparon sin perder ninguno de sus elementos. Conclusiones. La versión en español de la EMMCL es válida y confiable en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos; Sin embargo, se necesita llevar a cabo réplicas en otros contextos socioculturales del territorio mexicano.
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