Resumen: El proceso de soldadura GMAW es ampliamente estudiado debido a su alta productividad y bajo costo. En este trabajo se han revisado las investigaciones orientadas a la inspección del proceso de GMAW a través de sistemas de visión artificial con el objetivo de establecer los principales elementos utilizados en estos sistemas destacando dos categorías: métodos computacionales (software y algoritmos generales), materiales y modelos matemáticos (métodos estadísticos y numéricos). Estas categorías se traslapan en el estudio y se han utilizado para evaluar el costo en términos de recursos humanos y recursos económicos. Las investigaciones revisadas se desarrollaron en la última década, con la excepción de algunas investigaciones que desempeñaron un papel principal en el desarrollo de los sistemas de inspección de los procesos GMAW. Finalmente, se han destacado los posibles campos de investigación para aquellos que intentan explorar sistemas de visión artificial para inspección de procesos GMAW.Palabras clave: GMAW, soldadura, visión artificial, inspección. Abstract:The GMAW welding process is widely studied due to its high productivity and low cost. In this paper we have reviewed the research oriented to the inspection of the GMAW process through artificial vision systems to classify them and establish the main elements used in these systems highlighting three categories: technology (hardware), computational methods (software and general algorithms) And mathematical models (statistical and numerical methods). These categories overlap in the document and have been used to assess the cost in terms of human resources and economic resources. The reviewed research was developed over the last decade, with the exception of some research that played a major role in the development of GMAW process inspection systems. Finally, potential research fields for those attempting to explore artificial visual systems for inspection of GMAW processes have been highlighted.
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