Fava bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.), is a rustic species and has great adaptability to arid regions of Brazil and stands out for its social importance and high levels of protein. Even so, the culture presents low productivity due to several factors, such as the quality of the seed. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the fungitoxic action of organic products, namely vinasse, cassava wastewater and agave extract, isolated and mixed, for treatment of beans seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial 8 x 2 (eight byproducts x two seed groups) with five replications. The seeds were evaluated for hysiological and sanitary quality, properly incubated in Petri plates on a triple layer of filter paper, sterilized and moistened with distilled water, where the assessments of the incidence of plant pathogens were performed after 7 days of incubation. Through the results, it is observed that the seeds of red fava bean were the most tolerant to organic products, without compromising the physiological quality. In general, the byproducts have significantly reduced the incidence of fungi identified in red and white fava bean.

The culture of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) of wide adaptation of the various edaphoclimatic conditions of Brazil is of fundamental importance for the socioeconomic development of the north and northeast regions, however, the productivity can be limited by pathogenic agents, such as phytonematodes, belonging to the genus Meloidogyne. Due to this condition, the objective was to Almeida et al.; JEAI, 37(2): 1-9, 2019; Article no.JEAI.49328 2 evaluate the behavior of different varieties of cowpea against the parasitism of M. incognita. The reaction test was performed with inoculation of 5.000 eggs/juveniles in the region of the root. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, with a completely randomized design, with 14 varieties (Bastiãozinho; Mosqueado; Maravilha; Balinha; Garanhão; Sempre verde; Canapuzinho; Canapu branco; Paulistinha; Pujante; Canapu da Vagem Roxa; Rajado PE; Costela de Vaca e Setentão) with five replications. 60 Sixty days after inoculation, some agronomic characteristics and parasitism were evaluated. All varieties were susceptible to M. incognita, with RR > 1. However, the Paulistinha variety proved to be moderately resistant. Original Research Article

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) can suffer significant losses due to the attack of Meloidogyne javanica. The most effective control is through nematicides, however, it is an expensive treatment, so alternative measures have been sought. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the effect of silicon on the control of M. javanica in cowpea plants. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, in a 5 × 2 + 1 factorial scheme, being: five doses of Si (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 mg dm -3 ), two soluble sources of Si (Quimifol Silício® and sodium silicate P.A.), plus an additional treatment consisting of tomato cultivation in soil without the addition of Si and with nematodes, with four replications. Sixty days after inoculation in the plants, the root systems were collected and evaluated: volume, length and fresh mass of roots, gall index, egg mass index, reproduction factor, reproduction index, and reduction of reproductive factor of M. javanica. The sources of silicon at different doses had a positive effect on root variables. They were also able to reduce the parasitism variables of M. javanica in cowpea plants.

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