This study aims to examine the effect of transfer pricing on tax avoidance. The independent variable used in this study is transfer pricing. While the dependent variable used in this study is tax avoidance, which is measured using the effective tax rate (GAAP-ETR). The population in this study amounted to 15 multinational manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2014-2017 period. Determination of research samples using purposive sampling method and obtained a sample of 9 multinational manufacturing companies based on certain criteria. The results of the study show that transfer pricing has an effect but not significantly on tax avoidance. Key Word. transfer pricing; tax avodiance AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh transfer pricing terhadap penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance). Variabel independen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah transfer pricing. Sedangkan variabel dependen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance) yang diukur menggunakan effective tax rate (GAAP-ETR). Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 15 perusahaan sektor manufaktur multinasional yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2014-2017. Penentuan sampel penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan memperoleh sampel sebanyak 9 perusahaan manufaktur multinasional berdasarkan kriteria tertentu. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa transfer pricing berpengaruh tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance). Kata Kunci. transfer pricing; penghindaran pajak

The measurement of Islamic banking performance should differ from the indicators used in their conventional counterparts. Therefore, this study analyzes the performance of Islamic baking in Indonesia using the Islamic Performance Ratio (IPR) variable. Spesifcillay, this study aims to examine the influence of Asset Growth and Non-Performing Financing (NPF) on the IPR using Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) as moderator. Data for this study were gathered from seven Islamic Commercial Banks from 2012 to 2018 with 49 observations. They were analyzed using the quantitative approach by employing SPSS software. The findings show that the quality of financing has a negative but significant effect on the IPR. Meanwhile, asset growth does not have a significant direct effect on the IPR. When FDR was inserted as moderator, it showed a significant effect of asset growth on IPR. The theoretical implication of this research shows that Islamic banks' performance is shown from the growth of assets but must be supported by other variables such as the quality of financing (NPF) and must also be accompanied by good financing disbursement capability (FDR). In addition, the managerial implication of this research is that the measurement of indicators for Islamic banks should be equipped with performance indicators under the operational principles of Islamic banks, such as the Islamic Performance Ratio (IPR).======================================================================================================== ABSTRAK – Determinan yang Mempengaruhi Islamic Performance Ratio Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia: Suatu Analisis Menggunakan Financing to Deposit Ratio sebagai Moderator. Pengukuran kinerja perbankan syariah seharusnya menggunakan parameter yang berbeda dari perbankan konvensional. Oleh karena itu, article bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja perbankan syariah di Indonesia menggunakan variabel Islamic Performance Ratio (IPR). Secara khusus, artikel ini bermaksud untuk menguji pengaruh variabel pertumbuhan aset dan pembiayaan bermasalah (NPF) terhadap IPR dengan menggunakan Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) sebagai variabel moderator. Data-data untuk kajian dikumpulkan dari tujuh bank umum syariah dari 2012 sampai 2018 dengan 49 observasi yang kemudian dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan software SPSS. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pembiayaan memiliki pengaruh negatif tapi signifikan terhadap IPR. Sedangkan pertumbuhan aset tidak berpengaruh signifikan secara langsung terhadap IPR. Ketika FDR dimasukkan sebagai moderasi, pertumbuhan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap IPR. Implikasi teoritikal dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kinerja bank syariah tidak hanya ditunjukkan dari pertumbuhan aset saja, akan tetapi harus didukung dengan variabel lainnya seperti kualitas pembiayaan (NPF) dan juga harus disertai dengan kemampuan penyaluran pembiayaan yang baik (FDR). Selain itu, implikasi manajerial dari penelitian ini adalah pengukuran indikator dari bank syariah sebaknya dilengkapi dengan indikator kinerja yang sesuai dengan prinsip operasional dari bank syariah seperti Islamic Performance Ratio (IPR).

This study aims to analyze the performance of Islamic banking in Indonesia and Bahrain from the perspective of the maqashid shariah index. Performance is the success of an organization in implementing its strategy so that its achievement on the targets set. Maqashid shariah is a measurement of Islamic banking performance following the objectives and characteristics of Islamic banking. The research method used is descriptive and comparative methods, while the data analysis technique used is the independent t-test. The results of this study are that there is no significant difference between the application of Islamic maqashid in Indonesia and the implementation of Islamic maqashid in Bahrain. Thus, the application of Islamic values and the application of sharia maqashid has been integrated with Islamic bank business activities so that different government policies or regulations because each country has a specific constitution, then the impact is not significant or does not affect the implementation of sharia maqashid on operational and business activities in Islamic banks.JEL Classification: M41, M48, Z12 How to Cite:Nugraha, E., Nugroho, L., Lindra, C. N., & Sukiati, W. (2020). Maqashid Sharia Implementation in Indonesia and Bahrain. Etikonomi: Jurnal Ekonomi, 19(1), 155 – 168. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v19i1.14655.

Rapid business competition causes companies to improve the quality of products and services produced. In addition to improving the quality of its output, companies also need the services of a reliable auditor to examine financial statements so that they can be trusted with fairness. However, there is a phenomenon that the Public Accountant has not fully obtained sufficient and appropriate audit evidence and has not fully complied with the professional code of ethics in accepting and carrying out audit engagements. The purpose of this study is to find empirical evidence about the effect of audit evidence and enforcement of the code of ethics on audit quality, and to know the impact simultaneously, as well as partially. The research sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique that is as many as 54 public accountants in the city of Bandung, West Java-Indonesia. The statistical method used to test the hypothesis is multiple regression. The results of this study by using the test of the coefficient of determination obtained the value of the coefficient of determination or R-square of 23.8%, which shows the variable that the audit evidence and ethics code enforcement variables simultaneously influence the audit quality variable. Furthermore, a partial test of audit evidence has a significant positive effect on audit quality, but the enforcement of a code of ethics does not affect audit quality.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pengaruh dari audit tenure, debt default dan opini audit tahun sebelumnya terhadap opini audit going concern pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2012-2016. Selanjutnya variabel audit tenure, debt default dan opini audit tahun sebelumnya merupakan variabel independen, sedangkan variabel opini audit going concern sebagai variabel independen. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 31 perusahaan manufaktur selama 5 tahun periode pengamatan sehingga diperoleh 155 sampel penelitian. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dan teknik pemilihan sampel dengan metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi logistik dengan tingkat signifikansi 5%. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan variabel audit tenure, debt default dan opini audit tahun sebelumnya berpengaruh terhadap penerimaan opini audit going concern sebesar 61,7%. Secara parsial variabel audit tenure, debt default dan opini audit tahun sebelumnya tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap penerimaan opini audit going concern.