RESUMO -Neste trabalho foram avaliadas as características físico-químicas da carne de frangos de duas linhagens (Paraíso Pedrês e Pescoço Pelado) criados em sistema semiextensivo, machos e fêmeas, abatidos aos 65, 75, 85 e 95 dias. As características analisadas nos cortes peito e coxa foram umidade, proteína, extrato etéreo, cinzas, cor (CIEL*a*b*), pH final e perda de peso por cocção. As fêmeas da linhagem Paraíso Pedrês apresentaram no peito mais gordura (0,86%) em comparação aos machos das linhagens Paraíso Pedrês (0,63%) e Pescoço Pelado (0,57%). A coxa das aves da linhagem Pescoço Pelado aos 85 dias apresentou maior umidade e menor porcentagem de gordura em comparação à linhagem Paraíso Pedrês, e aos 95 dias, as fêmeas Paraíso Pedrês apresentaram mais gordura que os machos. A cor amarela (b*) no peito foi mais intensa nas aves Pescoço Pelado (6,24) que nas aves Paraíso Pedrês (5,41). Também foi mais intensa nas fêmeas (6,47) que nos machos (5,18). A cor da coxa nas aves Pescoço Pelado foi mais amarelada aos 95 dias (6,87) que aos 85 dias (5,90). Aves da linhagem Pescoço Pelado podem fornecer cortes mais magros, no caso dos machos, e com coloração mais amarelada, no caso das fêmeas, que aves da linhagem Pescoço Pelado.Palavras-chave: composição proximal, cor, cortes, frango caipira Physical-chemical characteristics of meat in chickens of the Paraíso Pedrês and Label Rouge linesABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of chicken meat from two lines (Paraíso Pedrês or Label Rouge and Pescoço Pelado), raised in a semi-extensive system, and slaughtered at 65, 75, 85 and 95 days of age. The variables assessed in the breast and leg of experimental animals were moisture, protein, fat, ashes, objective colour (CIEL*a*b* system), final pH and cooking loss. The breast of Paraíso Pedrês females showed a higher fat content (0.86%) than in males of the Paraíso Pedrês (0.63%) or Pescoço Pelado (0.57%) lines. In the leg, Pescoço Pelado chicken slaughtered at 85 days showed higher moisture and lower fat than the Paraíso Pedrês line, while Paraíso Pedrês females at 95 days presented more fat than males at the same age. In the breast, the yellow colour (b*) was more intense in Pescoço Pelado (6.24) than in Paraíso Pedrês (5.41), and in the females (6.47) than in the males (5.18).The leg color in the Pescoço Pelado birds was more yellow at 95 (6.87) than at 85 days (5.90). Birds from the Pescoço Pelado line give leaner cuts in the case of the males, and with more intense yellow coloring, in the case of the females, than birds from the Pescoço Pelado line.Key Words: chemical composition, color, country chicken, meat cuts IntroduçãoNos últimos anos, as cadeias produtivas reconhecem a importância dos atributos sensoriais dos alimentos como fator decisivo na sua aquisição (Farmer et al., 1997). Assim, conhecer a influência dos fatores ligados à produção na qualidade da carne pode determinar a adoção de medidas para manutenção de características ou de medidas para o desenvolvim...

-The objective of this study was to characterize meat quality in Bos taurus and Bos indicus and to determine the influence of finishing system and genetic group on the physicochemical properties of the longissimus thoracis at 24 hours and 10 days post mortem (1ºC). The sample included 160 bulls of the B. taurus (n=75) and B. indicus (n=85) groups, finished either on pasture (n=46) or with grain supplementation (n=114), slaughtered at a carcass weight of 270 to 300 kg. Pasturefinished animals had higher pH, lower red content and a fat content 2.5 times lower than those finished with supplementation.Meat from supplement-finished animals had lower shear force in comparison to that from animals finished on pasture, with means of 7.7 and 8.5 kg at 24 hours, and of 5.5 and 5.9 kg at 10 days, respectively. Samples of B. taurus and B. indicus were similar in moisture and protein, but B. taurus presented higher means for ash and lower means for fat. Aged samples of B. indicus finished on pasture showed lower values for lightness and yellowness. Overall, lightness and yellow content increased and red content decreased with 10-day ageing. Means for shear force were lower in B. taurus than in B. indicus, with differences of

Physicochemical properties and fatty acid profiles of meat from Bos indicus, Bos taurus and crossbred B. taurus×B. indicus bullocks (n=216), finished on pasture or grain, were used to estimate the effects of heterosis. Meat quality and fatty acid profiles generally benefited with crossbreeding, but the advantages from heterosis differed among finishing systems. The Warner-Bratzler shear-force in fresh and aged meat was reduced due to heterosis in pasture-finishing, but the effect was minor under grain-finishing. With pasture-finishing, heterosis caused an increase of 5% in CLA concentration, but few other changes in fatty acid profiles. In grain-finishing, heterosis caused a reduction in intramuscular fat and cholesterol, increased amounts of PUFA, n-6 fatty acids and PUFA/SFA ratio, and a decline in atherogenic index. The Δ(9) desaturase estimated activity in crossbreds showed a behavior close to B. indicus, suggesting the existence of few loci and a dominance genetic effect on enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis and metabolism.

RESUMO -Os objetivos neste trabalho foram avaliar as características de qualidade da carne, a composição centesimal e os componentes lipídicos (colesterol e ácidos graxos) do músculo longissimus thoracis de bovinos Angus (n=30) e Nelore (n=30) aos 36 meses de idade e com peso médio de carcaça de 250 kg terminados em pastagem. Os resultados de pH, luminosidade, teor de vermelho e perda de peso na cocção foram similares entre grupos genéticos. Entretanto, a carne dos animais Angus apresentou maior teor de amarelo (4,87 e 4,04) e menor força de cisalhamento (7,86 e 9,13 kg) em comparação à dos animais Nelore. A composição centesimal foi semelhante entre raças. O colesterol na carne dos bovinos Angus foi mais elevado que na dos Nelore (45,45 e 36,99 mg/100 g). Os ácidos graxos C14:0, C14:1 cis 9, C18:1 trans, C18:2n-6, C18:2 cis 9, trans 11 (CLA), C18:3n-3, total de n-3 e o total de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados foram mais elevados nos animais Nelore que nos Angus. Os totais de ácidos graxos saturados e monoinsaturados, no entanto, foram semelhantes entre grupos. A razão n-6/n-3 foi menor nos animais Nelore (1,58) que nos Angus (1,88). Os grupos genéticos de bovinos terminados a pasto influenciam a força de cisalhamento, o colesterol e o perfil de ácidos graxos. Esse efeito é mais pronunciado nos ácidos graxos poliinsaturados C18:1 trans, C18:2 cis 9, trans 11 e C18:3n-3, o que sugere uma possível diferença entre animais das raças Angus e Nelore no metabolismo da biohidrogenação. Embora menos macia, a carne de animais Nelore é nutricionalmente mais saudável que a de animais Angus, pois tem menores percentuais de colesterol e maiores quantidades de ácidos graxos n-3, precursor do CLA (C18:1 trans) e CLA.Palavras-chave: biohidrogenação, Bos indicus, Bos taurus, maciez, CLA, perfil lipídico Physicochemical parameters and fatty acid profiles in Angus and Nellore cattle finished on pastureABSTRACT -This work was carried out to evaluate the characteristics of meat quality, centesimal composition and lipid compounds (cholesterol and fatty acids) of longissimus thoracis muscle in Angus (n=30) and Nelore (n=30) bulls, at 36 months of age and 250 kg of carcass weight, finished in pasture. The results for pH, lightness, redness, cooking loss were similar among genetic groups. However, samples of Angus showed higher yellowness (4.87 and 4.04) and lower WarnerBratzler shear force (7.86 and 9.13 kg) than samples of Nelore. Centesimal composition was similar among groups.Cholesterol was higher in Angus than in Nelore (45.45 and 39.99 mg/100g). The fatty acids C14:0, C14:1 cis 9, C18:1 trans, C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3, C18:2 cis 9, trans 11 (CLA), total of n-3 and total of polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher in Nelore than in Angus. However, the total for saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were similar among groups. The ratio n-6/n-3 was lower in Nelore (1.58) than in Angus (1.88). Genetic groups of bovines finished on pastures affect WarnerBratzler shear force, cholesterol and fatty acids profile. In fatty acids, this effect i...

-Buriti is a fruit with potential for economic exploitation due to its nutritional components; however, there are few studies about their post-harvest characteristics. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical characteristics and analyze the antioxidant activity of Buriti pulp. Fruits were harvested at full maturity stage, sanitized, pulped and stored under refrigeration until freezing. Then, pulp was submitted to the following analyses: moisture, protein, total carbohydrates and reducing carbohydrates, ashes, lipids, crude fiber, water activity, titratable acidity (TA), pH, color, β-carotene, α-carotene, antioxidant activity and total energy value (TEV). Analyses were performed in triplicate, and the mean, standard deviation and variation coefficient were determined. Fruit pulp presented 0.98 of water activity, TA of 8.82g/100 g of citric acid, pH 3.78, 59.69% of moisture, 20.92% of fat, 8.56 % of crude fiber, 1.04% of ash, 7.28% of total carbohydrates, 4.50% of reducing carbohydrates, 9098µg/100g of β carotene and 10086µg/100g of α-carotene. TEV found was 228.28 kcal/100g, the color analysis showed that the pulp has an average light tint value of L * = 59.69, with high hue H * = 68.36 and vivid color with C *= 62.03. Regarding the antioxidant activity, it was observed that Buriti is a fruit that can be used to combat oxidation, as it reduced by 82.42% the amount DPPH reagent used. Index Terms: DPPH reduction; calorific value; proximate composition. ATIVIDADE ANTIOXIDANTE E CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO