Previous studies of Latina/o well-being indicate that supportive family members, religion or spirituality, and cultural values (e.g., familismo) aid in coping with adversities. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of several factors (spirituality, hope, social support, and cultural values) in predicting resilience and thriving in Latina/o undergraduates (N = 121). Two hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the unique contributions of the predictors to resilience and thriving. Results demonstrated differences between resilience and thriving as evidenced by the fact that they have different predictor variables. For example, hope was a predictor variable for both constructs, but spirituality was a significant predictor only for thriving. Implications for research and practice and future directions are discussed.
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Background High prolactin (PRL) levels have been reported in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients to be associated with disease activity; they have also been described in patients with chronic diseases like chronic renal failure and chronic liver disease. To our knowledge, an association between disease damage and PRL levels in SLE patients has not been previously evaluated. Objectives To determine whether PRL levels are independently associated with disease damage in SLE patients. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in consecutive SLE patients seen in our Rheumatology Department from January to December 2012. An interview, chart review, physical examination and laboratory tests were performed. SLE was defined using the revised and updated ACR criteria; disease activity was ascertained using the SLEDAI and disease damage with the SLICC/ACR damage index (SDI). Use of steroids was recorded as current dose of prednisone and time of exposure. Chronic liver disease was defined as the presence of cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis. The association between PRL levels and SDI was evaluated using Spearman’s correlation. Subsequently, a linear regression model was performed to evaluate the association between PRL levels and SDI, adjusting for age, gender, disease duration, disease activity, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), use of steroids, chronic liver disease and serum creatinine level. Results 130 patients were evaluated, 119 (91.5%) were female; their average (SD) age was 42.6 (13.2) years. Disease duration was 7.3 (6.1) years; almost all patients were mestizo. The mean SLEDAI was 5.9 (4.6), the SDI was 0.9 (1.3), 57 (43.8%) patients had at least one point in the SDI. Mean current prednisone dose was 7.8 (4.6) mg/d, and time of exposure to steroids was 7.1 (6.0) years. Mean creatinine level was 1.3 (1.8) mg/dl, 3 (2.3%) patients had chronic liver disease. TSH was 5.2 (10.5) mIU/l, 37 (28.5%) had TSH above upper normal limit. Mean PRL level was 20.0 (14.4) ng/ml, 38 (29.2%) had a PRL level above upper normal limit. In univariate analysis, PRL level was associated with a higher SDI (Rho: 0.29, p: 0.001). In the adjusted model, PRL level remained associated with SDI (β: 0.37, p<0.001). Conclusions In our SLE patients, we found a positive association between the prolactin level and SDI, independently of age, gender, disease duration, disease activity, TSH, use of steroids, chronic liver disease and creatinine level. Longitudinal studies are needed to sort out the role of this variable in disease damage in lupus. Disclosure of Interest: None Declared
Background:Fatigue can be defined as feeling tired and exhausted and lacking energy (1). It is associated with a poor quality of life; 53 to 80% of SLE patients identify fatigue as their main symptom (2)Objectives:To define factors associated with fatigue in Mestizo patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).Methods:This is a cross-sectional study of SLE patients from a single center cohort. Visits were performed every six months. For these analyses, the first visit between October 2017 and December 2018 was included. Demographic and clinical characteristics as well as treatment were recorded at every visit. Socioeconomic status (SES) was defined using the Graffar’s method (ref). Fatigue was ascertained with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-FT), Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) with the LupusQoL, disease activity with the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index –2K (SLEDAI-2K), and damage with the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) damage index (SDI). Prednisone use was recorded as current daily dose. Immunosuppressive drugs and antimalarial use was recorded as current, past or never. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed using linear regression models. For the multivariable analyses, model selection was based on backward elimination.Results:Two hundred and twenty-six patients were evaluated. The mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 35.6 (13.1) years, 211 (93.4%) were female; and disease duration was 11.0 (7.3) years. The mean SLEDAI and SDI were 2.4 (3.5) and 1.3 (1.5), respectively. The mean FACIT-Fatigue was 33.1 (10.8). In the univariable analyses, FACIT-Fatigue correlated with age at diagnosis, SES, disease duration and all the HRQoL domains like physical health, pain, planning, intimate relationships, burden to others, emotional health, body image and fatigue. On the multivariable analysis, however, only age at diagnosis; and some domains of HRQoL (physical health, emotional health and fatigue) remained associated. Theses analyses are depicted in table 1.Conclusion:Age at diagnosis is negatively associated with fatigue; HRQoL domains like physical health, emotional health and fatigue are positively associated with fatigue.References[1] Omdal R, et al. Fatigue in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: lack of associations to serum cytokines, antiphospholipid antibodies, or other disease characteristics. J Rheumatol. 2002;29(3):482-6.[2] Ahn GE, Ramsey-Goldman R. Fatigue in systemic lupus erythematosus. Int J Clin Rheumatol. 2012;7(2):217-27.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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