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BackgroundMany studies reported that brief interventions are effective in reducing excessive drinking. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a protocol of brief intervention for college students (BASICS), delivered face-to-face, to reduce risky alcohol consumption and negative consequences.MethodsA systematic review with meta-analysis was performed by searching for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Medline, PsycInfo, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases. A quality assessment of RCTs was made by using a validated scale. Combined mean effect sizes, using meta-analysis random-effects models, were calculated.Results18 studies were included in the review. The sample sizes ranged from 54 to 1275 (median = 212). All studies presented a good evaluation of methodological quality and four were found to have excellent quality. After approximately 12 months of follow-up, students receiving BASICS showed a significant reduction in alcohol consumption (difference between means = −1.50 drinks per week, 95% CI: -3.24 to −0.29) and alcohol-related problems (difference between means = −0.87, 95% CI: -1.58 to −0.20) compared to controls.ConclusionsOverall, BASICS lowered both alcohol consumption and negative consequences in college students. Gender and peer factors seem to play an important role as moderators of behavior change in college drinking. Characteristics of BASICS procedure have been evaluated as more favorable and acceptable by students in comparison with others interventions or control conditions. Considerations for future researches were discussed.

This article presents the concepts and basic premises that are necessary for a better understanding of the Brief Interventions (BIs), with a literature review of its effectiveness and a discussion about BIs in Brazil. The theoretical premises are discussed, as well the concepts represented by the acronym FRAMES: Feedback; Responsibility; Advice; Menu; Empathic and Self-efficacy. Results of systematic reviews and metanalysis about BIs effectiveness are discussed and a summary box with the main studies is presented. Finally, the recent developments about the introduction of BIs in Brazil are commented. The importance of health professionals training and the adoption of BIs within different settings are emphasized considering its demonstrated effectiveness and economic feasibility.

Resumo ObjetivoInvestigar a relação entre consumo de álcool e problemas emocionais em gestantes, verificando se as gestantes com consumo problemático de álcool (uso nocivo ou dependência) tiveram mais problemas emocionais quando comparadas àquelas cujo consumo não era problemático. Métodos Estudo transversal, observacional, sobre uma amostra clínica de um serviço obstétrico público de Ribeirão Preto, SP. A amostra foi não probabilística, de conveniência, do tipo consecutiva, composta por 450 gestantes. Foram aplicados três questionários: para dados sociodemográficos, o Questionário de Morbidade Psiquiátrica (QMPA) e um questionário padronizado como parte da anamnese para avaliação de problemas relacionados ao uso de álcool (uso nocivo ou síndrome de dependência) de acordo com os critérios da CID-10. Foram utilizados testes univariados (ANOVA) para o exame comparativo entre grupos utilizando medidas de distribuição central e intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados Foram encontradas 172 gestantes (38,2%) problemáticas (escore ≥7) pelo QMPA. Detectaram-se conforme critérios da CID-10, 41 (9,1%) gestantes com consumo problemático de álcool, sendo 27 (6,0%) com diagnóstico de uso nocivo e 14 (3,1%) com dependência ao álcool. A presença de diagnóstico de uso nocivo ou síndrome de dependência ao álcool relacionou-se à maior intensidade de sofrimento emocional das gestantes, ou seja, maior média de pontuação nas subescalas ansiedade, depressão e álcool do QMPA. Conclusões Considerando a prevalência de problemas emocionais, o consumo de álcool durante a gestação e os riscos de problemas à saúde materno-infantil sugere-se que sejam realizadas avaliações mais criteriosas pelos profissionais de saúde. Abstract ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and emotional distress in pregnant women, and to verify whether women with problematic alcohol