Little is known about conditions associated with favorable elder mistreatment (EM) case outcomes. The fundamental goal of EM protective service programs is to alleviate risk associated with substantiated cases of elder abuse and neglect. Using the EM socio-cultural model, this study examined victim, perpetrator, victim-perpetrator relationship, social embeddedness, and socio-cultural factors predicting risk alleviation of EM cases. Data from a random sample of EM protective social service cases (n = 250) at a large community agency in New York City were collected and coded by multiple, independent raters. Multinomial and binary logistic regression were used to examine undifferentiated risk alleviation for the entire sample of EM cases as well as differentiated financial, emotional, and physical abuse sub-types. Undifferentiated EM risk alleviation was associated with male victim gender, older victim age, previous community help-seeking, and victim-perpetrator dyads characterized by a separate living arrangement and shorter term abuse longevity. Financial abuse cases with younger perpetrators were less likely to have risk reduction. Physical abuse risk reduction was less likely when the perpetrator was male and the victim-perpetrator dyad included different genders. Distinct findings across EM sub-types suggest a need to develop targeted practice strategies with clients experiencing different forms of EM. Findings highlight a need to develop EM protective service infrastructure around perpetrator rehabilitation.
A focus of community-based elder abuse response programs (EARP), such as Adult Protective Services, is to reduce the risk of revictimization among substantiated victims. While elder abuse (EA) risk factor research has predominantly focused on understanding the risk of initial EA onset among the general older adult population, understanding of revictimization risk among substantiated victims is weak. This study sought to identify conditions that perpetuate EA among substantiated victims. Data were collected from multiple sources: focus groups with multidisciplinary teams ( n = 35), multidisciplinary team case revictimization risk evaluations ( n = 10), and reviewing a random sample of case records ( n = 250) from a large EARP in New York City. Sixty-two indicators of EA revictimization risk were identified across several ecosystemic levels: individual victim or perpetrator, victim–perpetrator relationship, and surrounding family, home, community, and sociocultural contexts. Findings carry implications for EARP practices to reduce EA recurrence and the development of measures to evaluate EARP intervention.
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