The purpose of this study was to conduct a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of CARES, an online intervention developed to educate undergraduate students about how to communicate in person and over text with friends who experienced the death of someone close to them. College students ( N = 231) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: the CARES intervention, a website containing information about grief and loss, or a control condition. Participants completed pre- and post-test quantitative and qualitative measures to assess (a) knowledge of grief, appropriate responses to grieving peers, and resources available for grieving college students; (b) confidence in ability to communicate effectively with grieving peers; (c) skills in communicating effectively with bereaved friends. The results indicated that students who participated in the CARES intervention had the greatest knowledge regarding grief and appropriate communication with grieving peers when compared with participants in the website and control conditions. They also had higher levels of knowledge about complicated grief when compared with students in the website condition, but not the control condition. In addition, students receiving the CARES intervention were more confident in their ability to help a grieving peer and had the greatest skill in communicating with a hypothetical grieving peer, when compared with participants in the website and control conditions. No differences were found across conditions in knowledge of common signs of grief or knowledge of resources. Overall, the CARES intervention has potential for educating undergraduates about effective communication with their grieving peers.

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Grieving children are at risk for negative outcomes (American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2020). This study described a collaboration between a community agency and a large school district to create and implement groups for grieving children. A preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of these groups was conducted. Quantitative and qualitative data from 318 students, 59 group facilitators, and 59 school counselors indicated that the grief group was a promising intervention for diverse students with regard to enhancing awareness about grief, reducing isolation, providing a place to share feelings, and learning coping strategies after the death of a significant person. This research may inform the development, implementation, and evaluation of other important interventions established through community partnerships to prevent negative outcomes associated with unattended grief in childhood.