Electronic weighing systems are used in industries and business establishments for weighing and segregating materials accurately for process scales. Thus, the aim of this research is to design and implement a microcontroller based optical displacement weighing scale. The electronic weighing system comprises the basic load cell suitable signal conditioners and output recorders/indicators giving both the analog and digital output for further processing. The signals from the load cell are amplified and fed to analog/digital converter, which provide an output in the digital format for display printing/processing etc. The strain gauge based load cell is the most popular weight transducer used in the electronic weighing system.

This research pursues inductive/deductive approach by studying existing techniques for fraud detection and customer churn prediction. Telecommunication operators for instance store large amounts of data related with the activity of their clients. In these records exists both normal and fraudulent activity records. It is expected that the fraudulent activity records should be substantially smaller than the normal activity. If it were the other way around this type of business would be impractical due to the amount of revenue lost. Furthermore, customer churn is the focal concern of most companies which are active in industries with low switching cost. Among all industries which suffer from this issue, telecommunications industry can be considered in the top of the list with approximate annual churn rate of 30%. This means wasting the money and efforts, "it is like adding water to a leaking bucket". In this paper, the authors present the review of past work that has been carried out by various researchers based on fraud detection and churn behavior modeling.

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This study assessed the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the performance of commercial banks in Nigeria for the period 1991 to 2012 using data sourced from 11 sampled commercial banks in Onitsha, Anambra State. This study applied Ordinary Least Square approach econometric techniques, Fixed and Random Effects Models in its analysis to ascertain the relationship between Banks Performance and the Application of ICT. The results indicate that Random Effects Model was appropriate. Also the findings reveal that the use of ICT in Nigerian banking industry increased return on equity. The regression and factor analysis showed that an insignificant size of profit exist without the introduction of ICT implying that ICT has a positive effect on profitability. Furthermore, the findings indicate strong relationship between sustained investment in ICT and efficiency. The study recommends among other things the enforcement of more policies that will boost proficient/appropriate utilization of ICT equipment rather than additional investments.