Background Education and health are crucial topics for public policies as both largely determine the future wellbeing of the society. Currently, several studies recognize that physical activity (PA) benefits brain health in children. However, most of these studies have not been carried out in developing countries or lack the transference into the education field. The Cogni-Action Project is divided into two stages, a cross-sectional study and a crossover-randomized trial. The aim of the first part is to establish the associations of PA, sedentarism, and physical fitness with brain structure and function, cognitive performance and academic achievement in Chilean schoolchildren (10–13 years-old). The aim of the second part is to determinate the acute effects of three PA protocols on neuroelectric indices during a working memory and a reading task. Methods PA and sedentarism will be self-reported and objectively-assessed with accelerometers in a representative subsample, whilst physical fitness will be evaluated through the ALPHA fitness test battery. Brain structure and function will be assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a randomized subsample. Cognitive performance will be assessed through the NeuroCognitive Performance Test, and academic achievement by school grades. In the second part 32 adolescents (12–13 year-old) will be cross-over randomized to these condition (i) “Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training” (MICT), (ii) “Cooperative High-Intensity Interval Training” (C-HIIT), and (iii) Sedentary condition. Neuroelectric indices will be measures by electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye-tracking, working memory by n-back task and reading comprehension by a reading task. Discussion The main strength of this project is that, to our knowledge, this is the first study analysing the potential association of PA, sedentarism, and physical fitness on brain structure and function, cognitive performance, and academic achievement in a developing country, which presents an important sociocultural gap. For this purpose, this project will use advanced technologies in neuroimaging (MRI), electrophysiology (EEG), and eye-tracking, as well as objective and quality measurements of several physical and cognitive health outcomes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03894241 Date of register: March 28, 2019. Retrospectively Registered. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12887-019-1639-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

PURPOSE To determine the applicability of the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) after nutritional counseling intervention in malnourished patients. METHODS Prospective, randomized, open‐label study in 106 hospital patients with malnutrition. The NOC indicators evaluated were 162202 and 180201. FINDINGS The intervention group significantly increased both NOC indicator scores compared with the control group, these indicators significantly correlated with body mass index, Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, and Barthel's Index. CONCLUSION The NOC indicators are sensitive to patients’ changes in clinical practice, and correlate well with other indicators in this context. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE The NOC can be used to assess malnourished patients in the clinical setting.

IntroducciónLa sarcopenia se define como la pérdida de masa muscular y su deterioro funcional asociado a la edad, por lo que tiene un alto impacto sobre la calidad de vida. Sin embargo, la prevalencia de la sarcopenia en diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) no está suficientemente estudiada.ObjetivosAnalizar la prevalencia de sarcopenia en mayores de 65 años con DM2 y la posible influencia de la actividad física, la alimentación, el control glucémico, el sexo, la edad y calidad de vida.MétodosParticiparon 279 pacientes (155 mujeres) de 76,6±6,27 años de edad. Se determinó el perímetro de cintura, cadera, pantorrilla y brazo, el índice de masa corporal, la fuerza de prensión manual, nivel de actividad física, el estado nutricional, la calidad de vida y el control glucémico. La sarcopenia se definió como un índice de masa muscular esquelética menor de 9,2 Kg/m2 en varones y menor de 7,4 Kg/m2 en mujeres.Resultados La prevalencia de sarcopenia en los participantes fue de un 8,33%. Hubo asociación negativa entre el nivel de sarcopenia y la calidad de vida (r =-0,130, p=0,030), actividad física (r= -0,164, p= 0,006), estado nutricional (r =-0,274, p=< 0,001), y sexo masculino (r= -0,137, p=0,022); y positiva para edad (r =0,183, p=0,002).ConclusionesLa prevalencia de la sarcopenia en DM2 es moderada. Se relaciona con importantes factores para la salud, como una menor calidad de vida, menor realización de ejercicio físico y mayor presencia de desnutrición, lo cual parece agravarse en adultos varones de edad avanzada.

We take the first steps towards a shot selection quality model in basketball that incorporates decisional cues that might be predictive, not only of proximal results (e.g., scoring), but also of distal results (e.g., winning/losing the match). 2976 jump-shots from 50 Euroleague matches were sampled, following systematic observation guidelines. The decisional cues under scrutiny were shooting opposition, distance and lateral angle, disposition to offensive rebound and disposition to defensive balance at the moment of shooting. A first set of regressions between decisional cues and proximal results showed higher opposition and distance to decrease the probability of scoring (OR = .81; p < .001 and OR = .89; p = .013); a better disposition towards rebound to increase the chances of catching rebound (OR = 1.57; p < .001); and better defensive balance disposition to decrease the probability of a fast break (OR = 1.27; p < .036). A second set of regressions between proximal and distal results showed shooting and offensive rebound effectiveness to predict total points scored (β = .62; p < .001 and β = .32; p < .001) and game result (winning/losing the game; OR = 1.12; p < .001 and OR = 1.05; p = .021). Finally, an analysis of the impact of decisional cues on distal results showed a positive relationship between likelihood of winning and average team's disposition to offensive rebound (OR = 1.18; p = .018). These results cast light on the actual weights (validities) of the different cues involved in predicting outcomes of shooting decisions. This evidence could help coaches provide objective feedback about players' shooting performance beyond hit percentages.

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar los rasgos de personalidad de los jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto de 13-15 años (n=54) a través de la evaluación de las dimensiones del cuestionario de personalidad BFQ-NA, para niños y adolescentes. Se trata de un estudio no experimental en el que se emplea un diseño transeccional o transversal descriptivo. Los resultados obtenidos permiten afirmar que los jugadores seleccionados para la muestra se caracterizan por ser personas: a) perseverantes, tenaces y exigentes, b) abiertas a la novedad, creativas, espontáneas y cultas, c) con valores normales de sociabilidad, seguridad y entusiasmo, d) amables, honestas, educadas y e) tranquilas, serenas y poco irritables.