The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation of preleukapheresis circulating CD34+ cells/μL, white blood cells (WBC), and platelet counts on the first day of apheresis with the yield of collected CD34+ cell counts in 40 patients with hematological malignancies (n = 29) and solid tumors (n = 11). The median numbers of apheresis cycles, numbers of CD34+ cells, peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells, and total nucleated cells collected were 2 (range, 1–4), 5.5 × 106/kg (range, 0.05–33.78), 2.59 × 108/kg (range, 0.04–20.68), and 7.36 × 108/kg (range, 0.15–28.08), respectively. There was a strong correlation between the number of preleukapheresis circulating CD34+ cells/μL and the yield of collected CD34+ cells per kilogram (r = 0.962, p < 0.001). The threshold levels of PB CD34+ cell/μL to obtain ≥1 × 106/kg and ≥2.5 × 106/kg CD34+ cell in one collection were 12/μL and 34/μL, respectively. Fifteen of 17 (88%) patients who had ≥34 CD34+ cells/μL in the PB before collection reached the level of ≥2.5 × 106/kg in a single apheresis. Despite a low r value, WBC and platelet counts on the first day of apheresis also correlated with the yield of collected daily CD34+ cells per kilogram (r = 0.482, p < 0.01 and r = 0.496 p < 0.01, respectively). These data suggest that preleukapheresis circulating CD34+ cells/μL correlated significantly better with the yield of collected CD34+ cells than WBC and platelet counts on the first day of apheresis. Using a value of 34/μL preleukapheresis circulating CD34+ cells as a guide for the timing of peripheral blood stem cells collections can be time saving and cost‐effective.

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