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Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) requirements from cooperative autonomous driving can be characterized as ultra-reliable, low latency, high traffic, and high mobility. These requirements introduce great challenges in the air interface and protocol stack design, resource allocation, network deployment, and all the way up to mobile (or multi-access) edge computing (MEC), cloud and application layer. In this paper, we present a cooperative autonomous driving oriented MEC-aided 5G-V2X prototype system design and the rationale behind the design choices. The prototype system is developed based on a next-generation radio access network (NG-RAN) experimental platform, a cooperative driving vehicle platoon, and an MEC server providing high definition (HD) 3D dynamic map service. Field tests are conducted and the results demonstrate that the combination of 5G-V2X, MEC and cooperative autonomous driving can be pretty powerful. Considering the remaining challenges in the commercial deployment of 5G-V2X networks and future researches, we propose two artificial intelligence (AI) based optimization tools. The first is a deep-learningbased tool called deep spatio-temporal residual networks with a permutation operator (PST-ResNet). By providing city-wide user and network traffic prediction, PST-ResNet can help to reduce the capital expense (CAPEX) and operating expense (OPEX) costs of commercial 5G-V2X networks. The second is a swarm intelligence based optimization tool called subpopulation collaboration based dynamic self-adaption cuckoo Search (SC-DSCS), which can be widely used to solve complex optimization problems in future researches. The effectiveness of proposed optimization tools is verified by real-world data and benchmark functions. INDEX TERMS V2X, MEC, field tests, deep learning, swarm intelligence, cuckoo search.

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Vernacular architecture is the source of the historical development of architecture and the carrier of traditional culture. It is also the emotional sustenance of contemporary Chinese people’s beautiful homesickness. With the rapid expansion of urbanization in China, a widespread phenomenon of “hollow villages” has emerged in rural areas, and there are many abandoned rural buildings all over the countryside. Therefore, the protection and sustainable development of rural architecture are imminent. Based on the author’s rural construction project in China, this research integrates environmental psychology and architecture and tries to build a high-quality living environment, aiming to explore a new design strategy to meet the challenges in the future.

Ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) is one of the three usage scenarios anticipated for 5G, which plays an important role in advanced applications of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. In this paper, the Stackelberg game-based power allocation problem was investigated in V2X communications underlaying cellular networks. Assuming that the macro-cellular base station (MBS) sets the interference prices to protect itself from the V2X users (VUEs), the Stackelberg game was adopted to analyze the interaction between MBS and VUEs, where the former acts as a leader and the latter act as followers. For MBS, we aimed at maximizing its utility from interference revenue while considering the cost of interference. Meanwhile, the VUEs aimed at maximizing their utilities per unit power consumption. We analyzed the Stackelberg model and obtained the optimal prices for MBS and optimal transmit powers for VUEs. Simulation results demonstrated the superiority of the proposed Stackelberg game-based power allocation scheme in comparison with the traditional power allocation strategy. Meanwhile, the proposed scheme achieved a better trade-off between economic profit and power consumption.Recently, there have been volumes of existing literature on V2X communications [5][6][7][8][9][10]. In [5], a cooperative automated driving (CAD) system based on collective perception and cooperative maneuver coordination was proposed, which could be applied to several use cases. The authors of [6] investigated the impact of the new radio (NR) flexible numerology on the cellular-vehicle-to-anything (C-V2X) autonomous access mode. The authors of [7] examined the possibility of using the V2X systems at sea and discussed the challenges. In [8,9], the performance comparison of IEEE 802.11p and C-V2X was presented. Moreover, the temporal and spatial dynamics of the V2X network were investigated in [10].In spite of the above attractive features and application scenarios, there are also a great number of problems in the coexistence of V2X communication and other networks, such as the resource allocation (RA), interference management on account of co-channel interference (CCI) caused by spectrum reuse. In order to solve these problems and achieve technical breakthroughs, several related works have been done in terms of RA, power control, congestion control, link scheduling, interference coordination, and so on [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The authors of [11] focused on the existing RA algorithms for V2X communications, and these algorithms were classified and compared with each other according to selected criteria. In [12,13], an RA problem among safety VUEs, non-safety VUEs, and conventional cellular UEs (CUEs) was studied. The authors of [14] proposed a novel hybrid scheme based on C-V2X technology to improve latency and reliability performance. A cooperative solution for V2X communications was proposed in [15], which could guarantee reliability and latency requirements for 5G enhanced V2X services. In [16], th...