No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Stain remover is used to remove or masks stain from textiles. Two types of textile stain removers were compared in this study; store bought and home prepared types. Due to the environmental and health issues associated with commercial household cleaners, as well as costly, there have been attempts by consumer especially housewives to prepare cleaning products by using materials which can be found in the kitchens. Hence, the main objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of home prepared textile stain remover with commercial stain remover by assessing the stain properties on cotton and polyester fabrics. Two different brands of stain remover and easily found materials were applied on these two fabrics. The stains on the fabrics were then assessed according to AATCC Test Method 130 and by using chromameter for the intensity of the stain after cleaning. The results showed that, for the cotton fabric, the most effective stain remover is Commercial Brand 1. Commercial Brand 1 and vinegar with baking soda demonstrated an encouraging effect on polyester fabric. The commercial textile stain remover shows great cleaning effect on both cotton and polyester, while home prepared stain remover has limited ability to clean the stains on cotton. However, its cleaning effect on polyester is equivalent to commercial product.

Microfibre release into the aquatic environment is one of the latest research interests among the environmental community. Washing activities at home or also known as domestic washings have been claimed as one of the sources of the microfibre release and the main factor of fibre loss from textile materials is due to the entanglement of small fibres on the fabric surface during wearing or care activities. Hence, the review from the context of textile surface fuzzing is needed to understand the phenomenon better especially for the evaluation purpose. The microfibre release from textile materials during washing was due to the detachment of the fibres either prior to or after pilling formation. In any of these situations, some amount of microfibres or fuzzing were left on the textile surface. Hence, the evaluation on the fuzzing is proposed to see if it has a relationship with the amount of microfibres being released into the washing effluent. The evaluation of textile fuzzing is usually made by either physical test or digital image processing, which the latter offers more objective results.