Objectives – to study the characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in children with HIV infection. Material and methods.The 26 children with a combined pathology of HIV / tuberculosis have been examined in comparison with 50 children with tuberculosis and a negative HIV test. Results and Discussion.The general patterns of tuberculosis development are revealed, the leading risk factor in both groups is the social factor. Conclusion.The main risk factor is proven to be a contact with a patient with tuberculosis (bacterium excreta). The children with HIV infection have had a detected contact two-times more frequent than in the control group –80.76% and 42% respectively. Maternal diseases during pregnancy such as chronic viral hepatitis “B” and “C”, urogenital infections were common in children with HIV infection. Opportunistic infections accounted for 69.23% in the children with HIV (compared to 2% in the control group).