Salvia aethiopis L. was heated in distilled water for 2 hours. After ltration, water extract was treated with silver nitrate for 2 hours at 60°C to yield the silver nanoparticles (Sa-AgNPs). The structure of silver nanoparticles was elucidated by spectroscopic methods such as Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The maximum absorption in UV-Vis spectrum was observed at 508 nm. XRD pattern at (2θ) 38.1°, 44.3°, 64.4°, and 77.4° degrees can be assigned to the (111), ( 200), ( 220) and (311) Bragg's re ections of the face-centered cubic crystalline structure. The average size of Sa-AgNPs was found as 74.09 nm by SEM analysis. The characteristic hydroxyl vibration signal appeared at 3222 cm − 1 . Antioxidant activity of extract and Sa-AgNPs were carried out using DPPH • , ABTS •+ FRAP assay. The Sa-AgNPs revealed the considerable ABTS •+ scavenging effect with the value of 4.93 (IC 50 , µg/mL) compared to BHT (IC 50 , µg/mL, 8.34). However, Sa-AgNPs displayed the lower DPPH • activity (IC 50 , µg/mL, 24.37) than that of the standard BHT (IC 50 , µg/mL, 9.67). The reducing power activity of Sa-AgNPs was found as 4.52 (µmol TE/mg extract) while the standard BHT value was 488 (µmol TE/mg extract).
In this study, Origanum onites was used to synthesize the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs@Org). The structure of nanoparticles was identified by spectroscopic techniques. The maximum absorption was determined as 433 nm by UV-Vis spectroscopy. In Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum, the characteristic signal was observed at 3,262 cm−1 belonging to the OH group. The crystal structure of nanoparticles was revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The diffraction peaks (2θ) can be indexed to 111, 200, 220, 311, and 222 components representing the face-centered cubic unit structure. The spherical particle size was calculated as 18.1 nm by transmission electron microscopy. Cytotoxic effects of extract and AgNPs@Org were executed by MTT assay using Capan-1, L929, and Caco-2 cell lines. AgNPs@Org exhibited the excellent cytotoxic effect on Capan-1 cell lines with the viability of 37.6% (0.5 µg·mL−1). However, the effect of O. onites extract on the viability of Capan-1 cell lines was found to be 24.6% and 55.4% at 1.0 and 0.5 µg·mL−1, respectively. AgNPs@Org effect on Caco-2 cell lines was found as 31.7% (1.0 µg·mL−1). In the L929 cell lines, the noticeable lethal influence was not detected for extract and nanoparticles. In other words, the extract and AgNPs@Org did not act a cytotoxic effect on L929 cell lines.
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