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Terrorism poses a significant challenge to societies worldwide, employing various social strategies to achieve political objectives, disseminate ideologies, and recruit new members. This article explores the social strategies utilized by terrorist organizations, focusing on radicalization, propaganda dissemination, support network formation, exploitation of social cleavages, the role of charismatic leaders, and the use of intimidation to create fear and uncertainty. By examining the process of radicalization, the article highlights the significance of personal grievances, psychological vulnerabilities, and exposure to extremist ideologies, as well as the importance of social networks in facilitating connections and access to extremist content. The article also investigates how terrorist organizations use propaganda to advance their objectives, justify violence, promote shared identity, and vilify perceived enemies. The establishment of support networks that provide financial and logistical assistance, embedded within local communities, and the exploitation of social divisions and grievances to mobilize support and recruit new members are discussed. The role of charismatic leaders in inspiring followers, cultivating shared identity, and projecting an image of strength and defiance is examined. The article emphasizes the need for counterterrorism efforts to address these social strategies, including initiatives aimed at countering extremist ideologies, disrupting support networks, and promoting community engagement and resilience-building measures. Through an analysis of scientific research and expert insights, this article provides a comprehensive understanding of the social dynamics underpinning terrorism and informs the development of effective counterterrorism measures.

This study explores a novel approach to defining terrorism, and evaluating its potential contributions and limitations. The objective is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the concept by analyzing its key features, motivations, and impact. The study proposes a new definition of terrorism that accounts for the complex and evolving nature of this phenomenon, building on the conceptual framework proposed by Prof. Alex Schmid and Prof. Ben Saul. By examining the key features, motivations, and effects of terrorism, the research seeks to offer a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the concept that can inform policy and practice. This innovative approach to defining terrorism will be evaluated in light of existing literature and empirical evidence, to advance the discourse on this critical issue. The findings of this research present a new definition of terrorism based on the UIC approach. The UIC approach has three basic components: (1) Understanding Terrorism, (2) Interests of Actors, and (3) Counterterrorism Policy & Implications. A comprehensive definition of terrorism will be provided using the approach introduced in the article.