Service quality is seen as an important corporate strategy to ensure competitive advantage. With the increase in demand for air transport, airports have become important venues, which has brought the issue of airport service quality to the forefront. In airports, which are described as the doors of cities opening to the world, the quality of service is determined if the service provided to passengers coincides with the level of meeting the expectations of the passenger. In this context, within the scope of the study, it is aimed to measure the quality of service by evaluating 17 airports that are evaluated as five-star airports by Skytrax in 2021 on the basis of 11 criteria. While the importance of the criteria was determined with MEREC from the MCDM methods, the ranking of 17 airports according to the quality of service was obtained with MARCOS and CoCoSo methods. Criteria used to assess the quality of service of airports; transportation services, security screenings, immigration services, signs, arrival services, departure services, transfer passenger services, terminal comfort level, terminal facilities, shopping facilities and food / beverage services. As a result of the analysis made by the MEREC method, it was determined that the most important criterion affecting the quality of service at airports was the immigration services criterion. According to the joint results of both MARCOS and CoCoSo methods, it was determined that Chubu Centrair Airport was the airport that offered the best service quality to passengers, and Tokyo Haneda Airport was the last airport in terms of service quality.

The aviation sector is a sector that works with high costs and where competition and demand increase day by day. Since the development of the airline sector increases economic activities, employment and income increase, thus contributing to the companies serving airline companies. For this reason, it is necessary to determine whether the company's financial resources are used effectively. Company executives and investors also want to follow the financial performance of airline companies and have information about the financial status of the company. For this reason, the situation of the companies is observed by performing different analyzes from time to time. In this context, within the scope of the study, it is aimed to measure the financial performance of 6 airline operators operating in Europe between the periods of 2019-2021. For performance measurement, 8 financial criteria were used: current ratio, cash ratio, financial leverage ratio, equity multiplier, asset turnover rate, equity turnover rate, return on equity and return on assets ratio. For the analysis of these criteria, the importance levels of the criteria related to the CRITIC method, one of the MCDM methods, were determined. At the same time, with the MAUT and MARCOS methods, the financial performance ranking of the airline enterprises was obtained according to the relevant years. According to the findings of the CRITIC method; It was determined that the equity multiplier in 2019, the current rate in 2020 and finally the equity turnover rate criteria in 2021 were the most important criteria. As a result of the MAUT method, the airlines with the best financial performance in 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively, are Air France, EasyJet and Pegasus Airlines. According to the findings of the MARCOS method, the airline operator with the highest financial performance in 2019 was determined as Turkish Airlines and Pegasus Airlines in 2020 and 2021.

Bilgi iletişim teknolojisi (BİT), toplumların sosyo-ekonomik gelişmesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır ancak bu gelişme çevre için bazı potansiyel tehlikeleri de beraberinde getirmektedir. BİT’deki hızlı artış, ülke ekonomilerinin çeşitli sektörlerine katkıda bulunmakla beraber çevresel sonuçları göz ardı edilmemelidir. Bu nedenle çalışmanın amacı, 1995-2018 dönemi için Türkiye’de bilişim teknolojisi, ekonomik büyüme, havayolu taşımacılığı ve nüfusun CO2 emisyonları üzerindeki etkilerini analiz ederek literatüre katkıda bulunmaktır. ARDL modeli ve Granger nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. ARDL modeli sonuçlarında; değişkenlerin arasında uzun vadeli eş bütünleşme ilişkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uzun dönemde CO2 emisyonları üzerinde BİT, GSYİH ve hava taşımacılığının pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kısa dönem sonuçlarına göre ise, BİT, GSYİH ve nüfus değişkenlerinin CO2 emisyonları üstünde pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Granger testi sonucunda ise, GSYİH değişkeninden CO2 ve BİT değişkenlerine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sanayi sektörlerinin mevcut dönem finansal rasyolarından hareketle sektörel risk derecelendirmesi yapmak ve bir sonraki dönem için öncü göstergeler belirlemeye çalışmaktır. Sektörel risk derecelendirmesinde faktör analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. 2016-2019 döneminde her yıl için sektörler takipteki krediler rasyosuna göre sıralandığında en iyi performans gösteren Finansal Aracılık, Kimya-Kimya Ürünleri ve Motorlu Araçlar sektörleri, analiz sonuçlarına göre de ilk sıralarda yer almıştır. Sektörel risk derecelendirmesinde Enerji ve İnşaat sektörlerinin sırasıyla takipteki krediler rasyolarındaki gelişmeler de tutarlıdır. Ayrıca Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu'nun 17 Eylül 2019 tarihli açıklaması, söz konusu iki sektöre ilişkin 46 milyar TL tutarındaki kredinin aslında takip hesaplarında izlenmesi gerektiği yönündedir ve bu açıklama da analiz sonuçlarını teyit eder niteliktedir. Öncü göstergelerin belirlenmesine yönelik olarak faktör analizinde kullanılan yatay kesit verilerine zaman boyutu da eklenerek oluşturulan 2013-2019 dönemine ait veri setine panel veri analizi uygulanmıştır. Her iki analiz sonucunda da anlamlı bulunan Ekonomik Rantabilite, Aktif Kârlılığı, Özkaynak Rasyosu'nun birer öncü gösterge olarak değerlendirilebileceği saptanmıştır.

In this study, it aims to examine the linkage among climate change, banks’ domestic credit and cereal production such as Turkey's CO2 emissions, average rainfall and average temperature in the period 1980-2019. In the study, firstly, the stationarity properties of the variables are examined by KPSS, ADF and Ng-Perron tests, and the presence of cointegration between the variables is investigated through the ARDL boundary test. Then, the long-run elasticities of the independent series are estimated by applying the ARDL model and the causality linkage among the series is detected through VECM method. Empirical findings show that there is cointegration among the variables and that in Turkey, banks’ domestic credit, CO2 emissions, average rainfall and increase in cereal production area increase cereal production, while average temperature increase reduces cereal production. At the same time, it is determined that there is a bidirectional causality between banks’ domestic credit, CO2 emissions, average rainfall and average temperature and grain production, while there exists a uni-directional causality extending from the grain production area to the grain production. Finally, as a result of the examinations, it is detected that there exists a mutual linkage between the financial sector and cereal production.