Recently, immune edition has been recognized as a new hallmark of cancer. In this respect, some clinical trials in breast cancer have reported imppressive outcomes related to laboratory immune findings, especially in the neoadjuvant and metastatic setting. Infiltration by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and their subtypes, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSC) seem bona fide prognostic and even predictive biomarkers, that will eventually be incorporated into diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms of breast cancer. In addition, the complex interaction of costimulatory and coinhibitory molecules on the immune synapse and the different signals that they may exert represent another exciting field to explore. In this review we try to summarize and elucidate these new concepts and knowledge from a translational perspective focusing on breast cancer, paying special attention to those aspects that might have more significance in clinical practice and could be useful to design successful therapeutic strategies in the future.

Hodgkin's lymphoma represents one of the most frequent lymphoproliferative syndromes, especially in young population. Although HL is considered one of the most curable tumors, a sizeable fraction of patients recur after successful upfront treatment or, less commonly, are primarily resistant. This work tries to summarize the data on clinical, histological, pathological, and biological factors in HL, with special emphasis on the improvement of prognosis and their impact on therapeutical strategies. The recent advances in our understanding of HL biology and immunology show that infiltrated immune cells and cytokines in the tumoral microenvironment may play different functions that seem tightly related with clinical outcomes. Strategies aimed at interfering with the crosstalk between tumoral Reed-Sternberg cells and their cellular partners have been taken into account in the development of new immunotherapies that target different cell components of HL microenvironment. This new knowledge will probably translate into a change in the antineoplastic treatments in HL in the next future and hopefully will increase the curability rates of this disease.

Impact of immune microenvironment in prognosis of solid tumors has been extensively studied in the last few years. Specifically in colorectal carcinoma, increased knowledge of the immune events around these tumors and their relation with clinical outcomes have led to consider immune microenvironment as one of the most important prognostic factors in this disease. In this review we will summarize and update the current knowledge with respect to this intriguing and complex new hallmark of cancer, paying special attention to infiltration by T-infiltrating lymphocytes and their subtypes in colorectal cancer, as well as its eventual clinical translation in terms of long-term prognosis. Finally, we suggest some possible investigational approaches based on combinatorial strategies to trigger and boost immune reaction against tumor cells.

8019 Background: Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory drug that could reverse rituximab refractoriness in lymphoma patients (pts). We conducted an open label multicenter phase 2 trial testing the efficacy and toxicity of a combination of lenalidomide and rituximab (R2) plus GDP schedule (R2-GDP) in Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) pts, not suitable for autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). Methods: Patients with R/R DLBCL previously treated with at least 1 prior line of immunochemotherapy including rituximab, and not candidates for ASCT, were eligible. After a run-in phase period, treatment consisted of an induction phase with lenalidomide (LEN) 10 mg po d1-14, rituximab 375 mg/m2 iv d1, cisplatin 60 mg/m2 iv d1, gemcitabine 750 mg/m2 iv d1 and d8 and dexamethasone 20 mg d1-3, up to a maximum of 6 cycles. Pts without disease progression (DP) entered into a maintenance phase with LEN 10 mg, or last LEN dose received in the induction phase, d1-21 in cycles every 28 days. Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) by investigator assessment. Secondary endpoints included disease free survival (DFS), event free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), safety and response by cell of origin (COO), type of DLBCL (double-triple hit) and other microenvironment and genomic biomarkers. Results: 79 pts were enrolled between April 2015 and September 2018. Median age was 70 years (range 23-86), 48,7% women. 78 pts were considered for efficacy and safety in the intention to treat (ITT) analysis. With a median follow-up of 13 months at the time of cut-off (November 2019), ORRwas 59.0%, with 32.1% complete responses (CR) and 26.9% partial responses (PR). In the primary refractory population (n = 33), ORR was 45.5%, with 21.2% CR and 24.3% PR. There were no statistically significant differences in ORR with respect to COO. In Double-Hit R/R DLBCL (n = 16), ORR was 37.5% with 25% CR. Median OS was 12.0 months (6.9-17.0). Most common grade 3/4 (G3/4) adverse events were thrombocytopenia (60.2%), neutropenia (60.2%) and anemia (26.9%). Febrile neutropenia occurred in 14.1% pts. Most frequent non-hematologic G3/4 events were asthenia (19.2%), infection (15.3%) and renal insufficiency (6.4%). There were 4 toxic deaths related to the R2-GDP schedule. Conclusions: LEN with Rituximab and GDP (R2-GDP) is feasible and active in R/R DLBCL. Results in the primary refractory DLBCL population are particularly promising. Analysis of COO did not revealed differences in response rates. Immune biomarkers results will be showed at the meeting. Clinical trial information: EudraCT 2014-001620-29 .

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