No abstract

• CESM is feasible in the workflow of referrals from routine breast screening. • CESM is superior to mammography, even in low disease prevalence populations. • CESM has an extremely high negative predictive value for breast cancer. • CESM is comparable to MRI in assessment of breast cancer extent. • CESM is comparable to histopathology in assessment of breast cancer extent.

Postcontrast incidences of CIN and mortality at 35 days are significantly higher in the population with eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m than in the former high-risk population with eGFR 30 to 59 mL/min/1.73 m, even after prophylactic intravenous hydration. The risk of complications of prophylactic intravenous hydration is similar and substantial in both populations. Obtaining evidence from a randomized trial that efficacy of prophylactic intravenous hydration outweighs the risk of complications is important but may not be feasible.

We investigated patterns of intergroup relationships in western black -andwhite colobus, Colobus polykomos, in Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, between 1993 and. They live in one-male multifemale units, and demonstrate male dispersal and occasional dispersal by females. Solitary males and all-male bands are absent or very rare. Our aim was to investigate the function of female and male aggression during intergroup interactions. The species is particularly interesting because, in contrast to predictions from socioecological models, female aggression occurs during intergroup interactions in combination with female dispersal. Home ranges of neighboring groups overlapped considerably and groups lacked an area of exclusive access. Intergroup interactions occurred once every 6.6 observation days. Encounters were either peaceful (12%), or involved displays and threats (25%) or chases and fights (63%). Females interacted in 74% and males in 98% of aggressive intergroup encounters. We found little to no indication that male and female aggression correlated with the presence of food, importance of a location, or presence of infants or receptive females. However, females were more often aggressive during the months when the group depended strongly on seeds 1268 Korstjens, Nijssen, and Noë from Pentaclethra macrophylla. We also observed forays by males to other groups. Forays occurred on average once every 20 observation days. In 75% of the forays, the intruding male chased members of the target group. In 25% of the forays 1-3 females joined their male but females never attacked the target group. Our main study group was the target of such forays significantly more often when young infants were present in the group than when not. We conclude that female aggression between groups was related to food procurement and that male forays might be related to infanticide.