The advance of digital media has created risks that affect the bio-psycho-social well-being of adolescents. Some of these risks are cyberbullying, cyber dating abuse, sexting, online grooming and problematic Internet use. These risks have been studied individually or through associations of some of them but they have not been explored conjointly. The main objective is to determine the comorbidity between the described Internet risks and to identify the profiles of victimized adolescents. An analytical and cross-sectional study with 3212 participants (46.3% males) from 22 Spanish schools was carried out. Mean age was 13.92 ± 1.44 years (range 11–21). Assessment tools with adequate standards of reliability and validity were used. The main results indicate that the most prevalent single risk is cyberbullying victimization (30.27%). The most prevalent two-risk associations are cyberbullying-online grooming (12.61%) and cyberbullying-sexting (5.79%). The three-risk combination of cyberbullying-sexting-grooming (7.12%) is highlighted, while 5.49% of the adolescents present all the risks. In addition, four profiles are distinguished, with the profile Sexualized risk behaviour standing out, with high scores in grooming and sexting and low scores in the rest of the risks. Determining the comorbidity of risks is useful for clinical and educational interventions, as it can provide information about additional risks.
Witnessing intimate partner violence (IPV) and child maltreatment may place children on a lifelong trajectory toward violence. The primary aim of this research was to examine the associations between exposure to violence at home and two forms of violence in close relationships in Spanish adolescents: child-to-parent violence (CPV) and dating violence. A sample of 845 adolescents (13-18 years) completed measures of direct victimization and witnessing of IPV, as well as adolescent dating violence and CPV at Time 1, and measures of adolescent dating violence and CPV 6 months later. Findings indicate that direct victimization is more relevant for later CPV than is witnessing IPV against the mother. Namely, direct victimization by the mother and father predicted an increase in child-to-mother and childto-father violence over time. Witnessing IPV and direct victimization by the father predicted an increase in dating violence victimization in girls at Time 2.
La violencia en la pareja constituye un problema social de gran relevancia por su elevada prevalencia y por las consecuencias para sus víctimas. En los últimos años, las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación, como Internet y los Smartphones, se han convertido en herramientas frecuentes para ejercer comportamientos de control y agresiones en las parejas jóvenes. En esta línea, la finalidad del presente trabajo es la de realizar una revisión actualizada sobre el abuso online en parejas jóvenes. Para ello, en primer lugar, se analiza en qué consiste este fenómeno y las principales manifestaciones del abuso online en la pareja a través de Internet y los Smartphones. A continuación, se lleva a cabo una revisión de los instrumentos desarrollados para su evaluación y sus propiedades psicométricas. Finalmente, se incluyen varias recomendaciones para el desarrollo de estrategias de prevención derivadas de la evidencia empírica disponible. Palabras clave: Abuso online, Relaciones de pareja, Violencia en el noviazgo, Control, Cyberbullying.Partner abuse is an important social problem due to its high prevalence and the consequences it entails for the victims. In recent years, information and communication technologies, such as the Internet and Smartphones, have become frequent tools for exercising controlling behavior and aggression in young couples. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a review of the research on online abuse in young couples. To this end, firstly, we analyze what this phenomenon consists of and the main manifestations of online abuse in the couple through the Internet and Smartphones. Then, a review is carried out of the instruments developed for the assessment of online abuse and their psychometric properties. Finally, several recommendations are outlined for the development of prevention strategies derived from the available empirical evidence.
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