Protection of Human Subjects 52 Data Collection 53 Data Analysis CHAPTER 4. RESEARCH RESULTS AND FINDINGS General Characteristics of the Sample Ratio of respondents in sample Demographic characteristics Research Questions and Findings Workers' perceptions of helpfulness of the workplace literacy (pre-apprenticeship) training in achieving their goals 61 Effects of workplace literacy training on job performance 66 Value of workplace literacy (pre-apprenticeship) training for workers who attended the program 70 Outcomes from workplace literacy (pre-apprenticeship) program expected by workers 74 Comparison of job satisfaction with work between workers who attended the workplace literacy (pre-apprenticeship) progarm and the group who did not attend 79 Comparison of organizational commitment between workers who participated in the workplace literacy (pre-apprenticeship) program and workers who did not participate in the program 79 Comparison of job involvement between workers who participated in the workplace literacy program and workers who did not partici pate in the program 81 Post-hoc analyses 81 CHAPTERS. SUMMARY,DISCUSSION,CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 85 Summary of the Study 85 Discussion of Findings 88 2. The respondents will reply honestly and thoughtfully to all the items of the survey. 3. The methods of data collection and statistical analysis used are appropriate for this study. CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW At present there is very little research in workplace literacy, as workplace literacy is a new field. Most of the studies are descriptive of the service provided (Alamprese, 1988; Chisman, 1989; Dunn-Rankin and Beil, 1989). "Empirical data identifying program components or procedures associated with effectiveness, especially improved on tiie job performance and gains in basic skills, are not yet available" (Pelavin Associates, Inc., 1991, p. 14). Also, according to the literature and previous empirical studies, only a few workplace literacy programs report rigorous evaluation of learning gains, impact on productivity, attainment of learner goals, and changes in work-related attitudes (Mikulecky