for beef producers. However, Frame et al. (1998) state that a grass-legume sward with no added N can produce Low-cost alternatives to hay feeding for wintering the beef herd the same DM yield as a pure grass sward with 100 to (Bos taurus L.) are needed to design sustainable production systems 250 kg N ha Ϫ1 applied. Red clover is reported to be one for northern Appalachia. This study was conducted to compare forage of the easiest legumes to establish in renovated sods production, quality, and botanical composition of hayfields overseeded with a legume when grazed by beef cattle in early spring and (Bryan, 1985), but the amount of N fixed is related to late fall. Four management systems were applied to fields containing seasonal persistence of the legume (Goh et al., 1996). either tall fescue [Festuca arundinacea Schreb.] or orchardgrass [Dac-Proportions of red clover in the sward can be influenced tylis glomerata L.], each overseeded with red clover [Trifolium praby harvest management (Smith et al., 1985) and grazing tense L.]: (i) early spring grazing, one hay cutting, late fall grazing (Hume et al., 1995). Consequently, hayfield manage-(GHG); (ii) two hay cuttings (HH); (iii) early spring grazing followed ment that includes grazing can influence persistence of by two hay cuttings (GHH); and (iv) one hay cutting followed by red clover over a number of years. For this study, tall grazing in late fall (HG). Total dry matter (DM) was highest for the fescue and orchardgrass hayfields were overseeded with HG management. Early spring grazing (GHH and GHG) reduced red clover. Our objective was to evaluate combinations spring hay yield; quality, however, as indicated by crude protein, acidof spring and fall grazing of these hayfields in regard detergent fiber, and in vitro dry matter disappearance, was higher than for hay not grazed in spring (HH and HG). Fall grazing increased to harvestable forage yield, quality, and sward compoquality of forage grazed in early spring. Tall fescue produced more sition.DM than orchardgrass, primarily in spring hay yield. Red clover contributed 50% of the DM of spring hay in the first year after seeding. MATERIALS AND METHODSFall grazing extended the life of the red clover by one year; however, Experimental Design almost no red clover persisted into the fourth year after seeding. Results suggest that fall grazing after a single hay cutting has the The experiment was conducted over a 4-year period (1986potential to be a viable alternative to exclusively relying on hay for 1989) at the West Virginia University Agricultural Experiment wintering the beef herd. Station, Reedsville, WV. Soils were Gilpin silt loam (fineloamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults) and Wharton silt loam (fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Aquic Hapludults). Within columns, paired means are significantly different at the 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001 probability levels, respectively. Bryan, W.B. 1985. Effects of sod-seeding legumes on hill land pasture † Values are means of 3 yr (fall: 1986, 1987, and 1988; spring: 1987, 19...