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Fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms was oxidized at 170 °C in a closed vessel to measure the oxygen consumption, which was assumed to be a chemically reliable index for the autoxidation. The yields of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS) were compared with the data for oxygen consumption. In autoxidation of oleic acid, the formation of MDA and TBA-RS correlated with the consumed oxygen up to the value of 700 µ /L. When the oxygen consumption exceeded the value, MDA did not increase and TBA-RS tended to decrease. In autoxidation of linoleic acid, TBA-RS linearly increased with the oxygen consumption up to 2000 µ /L. MDA also increased with oxygen consumption up to 700 gmol/L but thereafter reached a plateau. The yield of MDA from linoleic acid was similar to that from oleic acid. In autoxidation of linolenic acid, the formation of MDA and TBA-RS correlated with the oxygen consumption until the value reached 1150 µ /L. When the oxygen consumption exceeded that value, MDA and TBA-RS decreased. Neither MDA nor TBA-RS was detected from stearic acid in spite of the increase in oxygen consumption up to "¡200 µ /L.

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