Stroke is one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide, and the ischemic modality is responsible for the majority of these events. Despite its high occurrence and potentially unfavorable prognosis, the management options were scarce and barely effective until recent times, when a relatively new endovascular intervention with demonstrated superior efficacy as compared with that of classic management was reported in the medical literature. The theoretical basis of this study was conducted through research in virtual databases Public MEDLINE (PubMed) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) using associations among the keywords "acute ischemic stroke", "ischemic stroke", "thrombectomy", "endovascular," and "intra-arterial thrombectomy". Clinical trials, meta-analysis, and pertinent literature reviews published in the last two years were reviewed and 14 articles were selected for complete and critical evaluations. The results of the randomized clinical trials, consequences of implantation of the intra-arterial thrombectomy as routine management for eligible groups, cost-effectiveness, and the most related complications and outcomes associated with the procedure are critically explored throughout this study.
Introdução: Estima-se que há mais de 33 milhões de casos de aids em todo o mundo. Nesse contexto, algumas parasitoses emergem como problemas de saúde pública, aproveitando-se da suscetibilidade decorrente desse quadro clínico. Objetivos: Elencar e discutir as principais parasitoses oportunistas encontradas em indivíduos portadores de aids, explorando os ciclos de vida de seus agentes, patogenia, manifestações clínicas, prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento. Métodos: Foram realizadas buscas, sem limites temporais, nas bases de dados virtuais Public Medline (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) a fim de selecionar relatos de caso, boletins epidemiológicos, trabalhos experimentais e revisões de literatura pertinentes. Resultados: Entre os principais parasitas oportunistas encontrados em pacientes portadores de aids estão os microsporídios e coccídios como: Isospora belli, Cyclospora sp. e Cryptosporidium sp., para os quais foram realizadas revisões sistemáticas de literatura neste artigo. Conclusões: É evidente a imprescindibilidade do desenvolvimento de tratamentos mais eficazes e com menores efeitos adversos, além de uma maior acurácia de diagnóstico por parte dos profissionais de saúde, e rastreamento ambiental pelas instituições competentes.
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