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Mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil) is a native species of South America used to prepare traditional beverages. Recently a possible effect of its infusion on oxidative stress found in dyslipidemias has been reported. The main compounds related to these activities are phenolic compounds derived from chlorogenic acid. This study aimed to determine the anticholesteremic effect of the hydroethanolic extract (HEIP) and its n-butanolic fraction (n-BFIP), with standardized content of phenolic compounds derived from chlorogenic acid, in rats treated with high-fat diet (HFD). The contents of these compounds in the ethanol extract and n-butanol fraction were respectively two and three times higher than in traditional infusion with predominance of dicaffeoylquinic derivatives. The extracts were able to reduce serum triglycerides and cholesterol and decrease the atherogenic index in treated animals. These results support a potential effect of the mate extract in cardiovascular disease.

The main objective of this study was to investigate the daily intake of chlorogenic acids (CGAs) and methylxanthines by consumers of maté traditional beverages (MTBs), terere and chimarrão (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hill). In the studied population (450 citizens from Toledo, PR, Brazil), 63% consume the chimarrão and 37% terere, with weighted mean daily intakes estimated at 648-2160 and 244-746 mL, respectively. For every 100 mL of beverage consumed, the average amount of total phenol compounds extracted was 673.6 mg for chimarrão and 1184.9 mg for terere. Regarding CGAs composition, caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) constitute about 38.4% for chimarrão and 55.3% for terere, and dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQAs) represent 61.6 and 44.7% of the extracted compounds, respectively. The daily intake of phenolic compounds by MTB consumers was estimated for chimarrão (512.5-1708.5 mg/day) and terere (583.0-1779.7 mg/day). These results allow us to conclude that MTBs are important dietary sources of CGAs, mainly CQAs and di-CQAs.